A case study showing how the determination of multiple cocrystal structures of the protein tyrosine kinase c-Abl was used to support drug discovery, resulting in a compound effective in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukaemia.
The high potency of patupilone, which is not affected by P-gp expression either in vitro or in vivo, and favorable PK, independent of tumor vascularity, suggest that it should show significant activity in colorectal cancer and in other indications where high P-gp expression may compromise taxane activity.
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Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) results from the Bcr-Abl oncoprotein, which has a constitutively activated Abl tyrosine kinase domain. Although most chronic phase CML patients treated with imatinib as first-line therapy maintain excellent durable responses, patients who have progressed to advanced-stage CML frequently fail to respond or lose their response to therapy owing to the emergence of drug-resistant mutants of the protein. More than 40 such point mutations have been observed in imatinib-resistant patients. The crystal structures of wild-type and mutant Abl kinase in complex with imatinib and other small-molecule Abl inhibitors were determined, with the aim of understanding the molecular basis of resistance and to aid in the design and optimization of inhibitors active against the resistance mutants. These results are presented in a way which illustrates the approaches used to generate multiple structures, the type of information that can be gained and the way that this information is used to support drug discovery.PDB References: Abi kinase domain, complex with imatinib, 2hyy, r2hyysf; with NVP-AEG082, 2hz0, r2hz0sf; with NVP-AFN941, 2hz4, r2hz4sf; with NVP-AFG210, 2hzn, r2hznsf; with PD180970, 2hzi, r2hzisf.
Abstract:The Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) is a drug target in particular because a missense mutation in this gene (V617F) has been identified in various human diseases. We report here the first kinetic study of the human full-length wild type and V617F JAK2 proteins and of their isolated kinase domain. The kinetic parameters of both full-length proteins are similar revealing that the mutation does not affect JAK2 catalytic activity suggesting that it has a more complex role in the regulation of JAK2 activity. Our study also shows that the domains located outside the kinase domain have little influence on JAK2 catalytical activity.
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