Research related to the process of communication among couples is central to the work of couple and family therapists. This study examines the relationship between couple's conflict resolution styles, weekly church attendance, and marital satisfaction. Specifically, we surveyed 191 Latino couples using Gottman's typology of conflict resolution styles (e.g., validator, avoidant, and volatile) to identify which style predicted marital satisfaction for both partners. Using the actor-partner interdependence model, we find a multifaceted picture of how partner's conflict resolution style influences theirs and their partner's marital satisfaction.
The Adoption and Safe Families Act (ASFA) may have an impact on parents struggling with alcohol or other drug (AOD) problems, who are appealing the termination of their parental rights. We conducted a mixed-methods content analysis of court cases from Virginia, Florida, Louisiana, and Georgia involving parental appeals of the termination of their parental rights pre-and post-ASFA. Decisions to uphold termination of parental rights for parents with AOD issues were statistically more frequent post-ASFA. Qualitative differences emerged between pre-and post-ASFA cases with regard to reasons for appeals, substance use factors considered in the appeals, and rationale for final decisions.Keywords child welfare, foster care, parental rights, parental substance use, policyMany parents of children involved in the foster care system report problems with alcohol or other drug (AOD 1 ) use, signifying a connection between parental AOD use and foster care. Although it is difficult to determine a
ObjectiveThis study aims to characterise and evaluate the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH’s) grant allocation speed and pattern of COVID-19 research.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingCOVID-19 NIH RePORTER Dataset was used to identify COVID-19 relevant grants.Participants1108 grants allocated to COVID-19 research.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome was to determine the number of grants and funding amount the NIH allocated for COVID-19 by research type and clinical/scientific area. The secondary outcome was to calculate the time from the funding opportunity announcement to the award notice date.ResultsThe NIH awarded a total of 56 169 grants in 2020, of which 2.0% (n=1108) wwas allocated for COVID-19 research. The NIH had a US$45.3 billion budget that year, of which 4.9% (US$2.2 billion) was allocated to COVID-19 research. The most common clinical/scientific areas were social determinants of health (n=278, 8.5% of COVID-19 funding), immunology (n=211, 25.8%) and pharmaceutical interventions research (n=208, 47.6%). There were 104 grants studying COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions, of which 2 grants studied the efficacy of face masks and 6 studied the efficacy of social distancing. Of the 83 COVID-19 funded grants on transmission, 5 were awarded to study airborne transmission of COVID-19 and 2 grants on transmission of COVID-19 in schools. The average time from the funding opportunity announcement to the award notice date was 151 days (SD: ±57.9).ConclusionIn the first year of the pandemic, the NIH diverted a small fraction of its budget to COVID-19 research. Future health emergencies will require research funding to pivot in a timely fashion and funding levels to be proportional to the anticipated burden of disease in the population.
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