In this paper, we present a set of power-aware dynamic allocators for virtual machines (VMs) in cloud data centers (DCs) taking advantage of the software defined networking paradigm. Each VM request is characterized by four parameters: 1) CPU; 2) RAM; 3) disk; and 4) bandwidth. We design the allocators in order to accept as many VM requests as possible, taking into account the power consumption of the network devices. In this paper, we introduce ten different allocation strategies, and compare them with a baseline that consists of using the first available server (first fit). The allocators differ in terms of allocation policy (best fit/worst fit), allocation strategy (single/multi objective optimization), and joint/disjoint selection of IT and network resources. For both joint and disjoint approaches, we evaluate the behavior of all possible pairs policy-strategy, varying the load of the DC and the number of VMs to be allocated. Moreover, the experimental results highlight that joint approaches outperform disjoint ones
The rapidly increasing demand of Cloud services, asking for a flexible and dynamic design of the Cloud, has become a major challenge in DC deployment. Classical Traffic Engineering approaches are no longer enough to deal with the efficient use of IT and network resources in this highly distributed scenario. To cope with this issue, we propose two Fuzzy logic controllers for DC resource allocation based on Mamdani and Sugeno inference processes, that are able to take advantage of simple heuristic rules for efficient virtual machines allocation. To test the effectiveness of the proposed controllers we compare their performance with two variants of Multi-objective allocators as well as a simple Mono-dimensional algorithm. Preliminary simulation tests validate our proposal in terms of number of allocated requests and average server resource utilization.
The resilience of indoor localization systems is a main concern of their industrial application. A combination of different techniques can enhance the overall robustness of such systems. In this work, we present fusion possibilities of coarse Bluetooth Low Energy localization based on the received signal strength indicator and the finer ultrasound time difference of arrival (TDOA) technique.This approach offers the advantage to robustify the high-accuracy ultrasonic localization in areas with non-optimal coverage. Moreover, the data fusion enables to enhance the overall localization area in a cost effective manner. This contribution proposes and evaluates (i) novel methods of how the ultrasonic system can be extended to a constrained area and (ii) a novel possibility to incorporate available Bluetooth signal strength information in the TDOA algorithm to improve accuracy.
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