In this paper, the authors present an extended survey on the evolution and the modern approaches in the thermal analysis of electrical machines. The improvements and the new techniques proposed in the last decade are analyzed in depth and compared in order to highlight the qualities and defects of each. In particular, thermal analysis based on lumped-parameter thermal network, finite-element analysis, and computational fluid dynamics are considered in this paper. In addition, an overview of the problems linked to the thermal parameter determination and computation is proposed and discussed. Taking into account the aims of this paper, a detailed list of books and papers is reported in the references to help researchers interested in these topics. Index Terms-Computed fluid dynamic, electrical machines, finite-element analysis (FEA), lumped-parameter thermal network (LPTN), thermal model, thermal parameter identification.

A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.For more information, please contact eprints@nottingham.ac.ukAbstract-This paper reviews the current technologies used in high speed electrical machines, through an extensive survey of different topologies developed and built in industry as well as in academia for several applications. Developments in materials and components including electrical steels and copper alloys are discussed, and their impact on the machines' operating physical boundaries is investigated. The main application areas pulling the development of high speed machines are also reviewed in an effort to better understand the typical performance requirements.Index Terms-high speed electrical machines, high frequency electrical machines, high strength electrical steels, high frequency electrical steels, copper alloys, thermal modeling, mechanical modeling.

With the ever-increasing pressure on electric motor manufacturers to develop smaller and more efficient electric motors, there is a need for more thermal analysis in parallel with the traditional electromagnetic design. Attention to the thermal design can be rewarded by major improvements in the overall performance. Technical papers published to date highlight a number of thermal design issues that are difficult to analyze. This paper reviews some of these issues and gives advice on how to deal with them when developing algorithms for inclusion in design software.

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