Cowpea is an African legume that was introduced to Brazil by Portuguese settlers in the mid-16th century. The productive potential of this crop may fluctuate depending on its environment. The objective of the present study was to select cowpea lines with high grain yield coupled with other traits of agronomic interest, such as good adaptability and stability, by the GYT biplot methodology. Twelve lines were evaluated in the years 2016 and 2017 in the municipality of Bom Jesus de Itabapoana, Brazil, in a randomized-block design with four replicates and two cultivars, which were used as controls. The following variables were evaluated: number of days to flowering, final stand, crop value, lodging, pod weight, pod length, seed number per pod, seed weight per pod, 100-seed weight (100SW), and grain yield. Analysis of variance was performed and GYT biplots were constructed using R software and the ggplot2 package. The GYT biplot graph analysis allowed for the selection of superior cowpea genotypes. In the combinations of traits observed, lines L1, L3, L5, L6, L8, and L9 were superior and cultivar Imponente stood out as one of the controls. The yield combinations GY*CV, GY*NDF, GY*LDG, GY*CV, GY*PW, GY*SNP and GY*P100G were positively correlated with each other but showed negative to highly negative correlations with GY*SWP and GY*TS.
The purpose of this research was to select the development of superior genotypes of snap beans adapted to edaphoclimatic conditions of the North and Northwest of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, applying the mixed model methodology. The test was installed and carried out in the experimental area of the Instituto Federal Fluminense (IFF), located in the municipality of Bom Jesus do Itabapoana, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, using the modified SSD (Single Seed Descent) method. The experiment was of randomized block design with three replications. We evaluated weight of pod per plant and number of pod per plant in ten progenies from the snap bean breeding program of the Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF); individual plants were assessed in each plot and in each replication (block). All progenies had mean productivity superior to 1 kg of pod per plant and 144 pods per plant. The 7 and 2 progenies, which came from the crossings between (UENF 7-5-1) L6 × L20 (UENF 14-3-3) and (UENF 7-5-1) L6 × L13 (UENF 7-20-1), stood out from the others, as they led to a higher predicted additive gain for the two evaluated traits. We concluded that the selection for production of snap beans and grains applying BLUP enabled the prediction and achievement of significant genetic gains for breeding snap beans for subsequent generations
The search for genetic material of snap beans with desirable yield traits is of utmost importance for yield increase in Brazil. We evaluated 12 snap bean genotypes by diallel crosses that presented characteristics of interest, so as to select the best genitors to generate productive populations in the snap bean breeding program of the Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Diallel crosses were performed applying Method 2 of Griffing. The F 1 generation, composed of 36 hybrid combinations, was evaluated in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design with two replicates. The traits evaluated were: pod weight, length, width and thickness, number of seeds and seed weight. There were significant differences among genotypes for most variables, indicating genetic variability between snap bean lines. The following genitor genotypes proved to be the most suitable when the trait to be improved was yield: Top Seed Blue Line, UENF 1445, UENF 7-20-1, and UENF 7-10-1. The hybrids with higher values of combining ability estimates are indicated to generate promising segregating populations. Thus L3 (Top Seed Blue Line) × L18 (UENF 9-24-2), and L12 (UENF 7-14-1) × L1 (UENF 1445) hybrid combinations showed the best estimates of specific combining ability for the traits under evaluation, suggesting a high probability of obtaining superior ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 18 (2): gmr18214 A.B.S. Gomes et al. 2 genotypes. The efficiency of selection for these traits is based on additive genic action and demonstrates progress in the of snap bean breeding program.
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