The fourth industrial revolution stimulates the advances of science and technology, in which the Internet of Things (IoT) and its supporting technologies serve as backbones for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and smart machines are used as the promoters to optimize production chains. Such advancement goes beyond the organizational and territorial boundaries, comprising agility, intelligence, and networking. This scenario triggers governmental efforts that aim at defining guidelines and standards. The speed and complexity of the transition to the new digitalization era in a globalized environment, however, does not yet allow a common and coordinated understanding of the impacts of the actions undertaken in different countries and regions. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to bridge this gap through a systematic literature review that identifies the most influential public policies and evaluates their existing differences. This cross-country/region comparison provides a worldwide panorama of public policies' durations, main objectives, available funding, areas for action, focused manufacturing sectors, and prioritized technologies. Findings of this review can be used as the basis to analyse the position of a country against the existing challenges imposed towards its own industrial infrastructure and also to coordinate its public policies.

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Paper aims: Aiming to avoid an inefficient digital transformation, the present work proposes a framework that will provide companies with a strategy to implement technologies to legacy systems of maintenance.Originality: Such a framework was produced through a series of strategic analyses using multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) methods.Research method: These analyses are composed of three steps. First, reviewing the literature of industry 4.0 and interoperability, combining the RAMI4.0 architecture and Framework for Enterprise Interoperability (FEI). Second, by exploring technics of maturity assessments, addressing systems attributes and requirements. Third, reviewing the literature of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) and recent maintenance technologies applications. Main findings:The results confirm that such a framework can support the adequacy of legacy systems that are part of digital transformation projects. Implications for theory and practice:To test the proposed framework, a multinational industrial entity belonging to the automotive sector was selected for a case study.

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