The objective of this study was to verify whether women in the initial stages of hand osteoarthritis (HOA) already have impaired grip strength and flexor and extensor torque of the wrist compared to healthy women. It also aimed to correlate these variables with pain, stiffness, and function of the hand. Twenty-six women were divided into a control group [CG, n = 13; 56 (51–61) years old] and a hand osteoarthritis group [HOAG, n = 13; 58 (53–63) years old]. Grades II and III were included in the HOA group according to the criteria of Kellgren and Lawrence. All volunteers answered an initial assessment form, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and the Australian/Canadian Hand Osteoarthritis Index (AUSCAN). The grip strength and isometric wrist flexor and extensor torque were evaluated by a hydraulic dynamometer. Comparisons between groups used Student’s t test for independent samples and the Mann–Whitney test. Spearman's correlation was used to correlate grip strength and flexor and extensor wrist torque to the degree of disease and DASH and AUSCAN scores. There were no differences between the groups in grip strength or flexor and extensor torque values. In terms of the DASH and the AUSCAN, the HOA group had higher scores, indicating worse hand function. A strong negative correlation was found between grip strength and the degree of HOA (r = − 0.70, p = 0.008), and a moderate positive correlation was found between flexor torque and the degree of HOA (r = 0.53, p = 0.05). The pain (r = − 0.61, p = 0.02) and function (r = − 0.66, p = 0.01) sections of the AUSCAN correlated negatively with grip strength. Pain can be an important feature in the HOA rehabilitation process, as it can influence handgrip strength and function. It is important that rehabilitation is implemented as soon as possible to guarantee the maintenance of strength and function since with the severity of the disease, patients tend to have deficits in grip strength and function.
O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a força de extensão e flexão do punho e a função do membro superior em sujeitos com Osteoartrite de Mão nos estágios iniciais da doença, comparando com sujeitos controle. Participaram deste estudo 10 voluntários com diagnóstico médico de osteoartrite de mão (GOAM) e 10 voluntários saudáveis, pareados pela idade e sexo, para compor o grupo controle (GC). Os grupos foram homogêneos quanto aos dados antropométricos de idade (GC: 57,9 À 7,32; GOAM: 57,5 À 6,77;), peso (GC: 70 À 13,24; GOAM: 69 À 15,63) e altura (GC: 1,60 À 0,06; GOAM: 1,61 À 0,07). Em relação ao questionário DASH foi encontrada diferença estatística entre os grupos, com o GOAM apresentando maiores valores (GC: 2,25 À 4,38; GOAM: 28,66 À 21,19), mostrando que a função do membro superior está comprometida em sujeitos que possuem osteoartrite na mão. No entanto, quando comparamos a média dos picos do torque flexor (GC: 13,21 À 7,11; GOAM: 12,23 À 4,60) e extensor (GC: 3,30 À 1,80; GOAM: 4,60 À 3,40) do punho, não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos. A ausência de diferença estatística pode estar relacionado ao fato de que os indivíduos do GOAM estarem nos graus iniciais da doença, ou seja, grau II e III, mostrando que a doença ainda não comprometeu a força destes músculos. Assim, poderíamos inferir que as alterações funcionais apresentadas por esses sujeitos podem ser decorrentes dos sintomas da doença (dor e rigidez). The aim of this study was to evaluate the strength and flexion of the wrist and the function of the upper limb in subjects with Hand Osteoarthritis in the early stages of the disease, comparing with control subjects. Ten volunteers with a medical diagnosis of hand osteoarthritis (GOAM) and 10 healthy volunteers, matched by age and sex, were included in the study to form the control group (CG). The groups were homogeneous regarding the anthropometric data of age (GC: 57.9 À 7.32, GOAM: 57.5 À 6.77), weight (GC: 70 À 13.24; GOAM: 69 À 15.63) and height (GC: 1.60 À 0.06; GOAM: 1.61 À 0.07). Regarding the DASH questionnaire, a statistical difference was found between the groups, with GOAM presenting higher values (CG: 2.25 À 4.38; GOAM: 28.66 À 21.19), showing that upper limb function is compromised In subjects who have osteoarthritis in their hands. However, when comparing the mean of the flexor torque peaks (GC: 13.21 À 7.11, GOAM: 12.23 À 4.60) and extensor (GC: 3.30 À 1.80, GOAM: 4, 60 À 3.40) of the wrist, there was no statistical difference between the groups. The absence of statistical difference may be related to the fact that GOAM individuals are in the initial stages of the disease, that is, grade II and III, showing that the disease has not yet compromised the strength of these muscles. Thus, we could infer that the functional alterations presented by these subjects may be due to the symptoms of the disease (pain and stiffness).Keywords: Hand osteoarthritis, isokinetic dynamometer, flexor torque of the wrist, extensor torque of the wrist.Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la fuerza de extensión y flexión del puño y la función del miembro superior en sujetos con Osteoartritis de Mano en las etapas iniciales de la enfermedad, comparando con sujetos control. En este estudio participaron 10 voluntarios con diagnóstico médico de osteoartritis de mano (GOAM) y 10 voluntarios sanos, pareados por la edad y el sexo, para componer el grupo control (GC). Los grupos fueron homogéneos en cuanto a los datos antropométricos de edad (GC: 57,9 À 7,32; GOAM: 57,5 À 6,77;), peso (GC: 70 À 13,24; GOAM: 69 À 15,63) y la altura (GC: 1,60 À 0,06, GOAM: 1,61 À 0,07). En cuanto al cuestionario DASH se encontró diferencia estadística entre los grupos, con el GOAM presentando mayores valores (GC: 2,25 À 4,38, GOAM: 28,66 À 21,19), mostrando que la función del miembro superior está comprometida En sujetos que poseen osteoartritis en la mano. Sin embargo, cuando comparamos el promedio de los picos del torque flexor (GC: 13,21 À 7,11, GOAM: 12,23 À 4,60) y extensor (GC: 3,30 À 1,80, GOAM: 4, 60 À 3,40) del puño, no hubo diferencia estadística entre los grupos. La ausencia de diferencia estadística puede estar relacionada con el hecho de que los individuos del GOAM estén en los grados iniciales de la enfermedad, es decir, grado II y III, mostrando que la enfermedad aún no ha comprometido la fuerza de estos músculos. Así, podríamos inferir que las alteraciones funcionales presentadas por estos sujetos pueden ser consecuencia de los síntomas de la enfermedad (dolor y rigidez).Palavras clave: La osteoartritis de mano, el dinamómetro isocinético, el par de flexor de la empuñadura, el par de extensión del puño.
O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a magnitude de ativação dos músculos extensores e flexores do punho entre sujeitos com osteoartrite de mão (graus II e III) e sujeitos saudáveis, durante a execução de atividades funcionais. Participaram deste estudo 9 voluntários com diagnóstico médico de osteoartrite de mão (GOAM) e 9 voluntários saudáveis, pareados pela idade e sexo, para compor o grupo controle (GC). Os grupos foram homogêneos quanto aos dados antropométricos: idade (GC: 57,11 À 7,29; GOAM: 56,78 À 6,76;), peso (GC: 68,33 À 12,88; GOAM: 67,78 À 16,06) e altura (GC: 1,60 À 0,06; GOAM: 1,61 À 0,08). Em relação ao questionário AUSCAN foi encontrada diferença estatística entre os grupos nos três domínios (dor, rigidez e função), bem como na pontuação final, com o GOAM apresentando maiores valores (GC: 0,89 À 0,93; GOAM: 23,22 À 12,77), mostrando que a função da mão está comprometida. No entanto, ao compararmos a média de atividade elétrica dos músculos flexores e extensores do punho, durante as atividades de escrever e cortar um papel, não houve diferença estatística. A ausência de diferença estatística pode estar relacionado ao fato de que os indivíduos do GOAM estarem nos graus iniciais da doença, mostrando que a doença ainda não comprometeu a ativação muscular, nem o padrão de ativação muscular ao realizar atividades funcionais. Assim, poderíamos inferir que as alterações funcionais apresentadas por esses sujeitos podem ser decorrentes dos sintomas da doença. AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the magnitude of activation of the extensor and flexor muscles of the wrist between subjects with osteoarthritis in the hand in grades II and III and healthy subjects during the performance of functional activities. Nine volunteers with a medical diagnosis of hand osteoarthritis (GOAM) and nine healthy volunteers, matched by age and sex, were included in the study to form the control group (CG). The groups were homogeneous regarding the anthropometric data of age (GC: 57.11 À 7.29; GOAM: 56.78 À 6.76), weight (GC: 68.33 À 12.88; GOAM: 67.78 À 16.06) and height (GC: 1.60 À 0.06, GOAM: 1.61 À 0.08) Regarding the AUSCAN questionnaire, a statistical difference was found between the groups in the three domains separately, as well as in the final score, with GOAM presenting higher values (GC: 0.89 À 0.93; GOAM: 23.22 À 12.77), showing that the function of the hand is compromised. However, when we compared the average electrical activity of the flexor and extensor muscles of the wrist, during the activities of writing and cutting a paper, there was no statistical difference. The absence of statistical difference may be related to the fact that GOAM individuals are in the early stages of the disease, showing that the disease has not yet compromised muscle activation nor the pattern of muscle activation when performing functional activities. Thus, we could infer that the functional alterations presented by these subjects may be due to the symptoms of the disease.Keywords: Hand osteoarthritis, electrical activity, wrist flexors, wrist extensors. Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la magnitud de activación de los músculos extensores y flexores del puño entre sujetos con osteoartritis en la mano en los grados II y III y sujetos sanos durante la ejecución de actividades funcionales. En este estudio participaron 9 voluntarios con diagnóstico médico de osteoartritis de mano (GOAM) y 9 voluntarios sanos, pareados por la edad y el sexo, para componer el grupo control (GC). Los grupos fueron homogéneos en cuanto a los datos antropométricos de edad (GC: 57,11 À 7,29; GOAM: 56,78 À 6,76;), peso (GC: 68,33 À 12,88; GOAM: 67,78 (16,06) y altura (GC: 1,60 À 0,06; GOAM: 1,61 À 0,08). En relación al cuestionario AUSCAN se encontró diferencia estadística entre los grupos en los tres dominios por separado, así como en la puntuación final, con el GOAM presentando mayores valores (GC: 0,89 À 0,93, GOAM: 23,22 À 12,77), mostrando que la función de la mano está comprometida. Sin embargo, al comparar el promedio de actividad eléctrica de los músculos flexores y extensores del puño, durante las actividades de escribir y cortar un papel, no hubo diferencia estadística. La ausencia de diferencia estadística puede estar relacionada al hecho de que los individuos del GOAM estén en los grados iniciales de la enfermedad, mostrando que la enfermedad aún no comprometió la activación muscular, ni el padrón de activación muscular al realizar actividades funcionales. Así, podríamos inferir que las alteraciones funcionales presentadas por estos sujetos pueden ser consecuencia de los síntomas de la enfermedad.Palavras clave: La osteoartritis de mano, actividad eléctrica, electromiografía, flexores del puño, extensores del puño.
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