BioAssay 4:4 (2009) Efficacy of Insecticides for Managing Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera:Psyllidae) in citrus ABSTRACT -The purpose of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of systemic and spray insecticides to control Diaphorina citri in citrus orchard. The experiments was carried out in the Marchesan Farm, located in the municipality of Matão, SP, in Valencia sweet orange on Rangpur lime orchard. The evaluations were consisted in the counting of adults present on the plant canopy, walking around the canopy, and observation of four new branches/plant, taken randomly in the periphery of the Valencia sweet orange canopy for nymphs, considering the absence or presence. In spray, the insecticides thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, methidathion, dimethoate, ethion, thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin, abamectin and etofenproxi were efficient to control adults and nymphs of D. citri, and could be an option to reduce the vector population. In application in the soil, drench or injected, for thiamethoxam, aldicarb and imidacloprid, the control period for adults and nymphs were from 45 to 60 days in 2-year-old sweet orange.KEYWORDS -psyllid, Citrus sinensis, chemical control, huanglongbing.RESUMO -O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de inseticidas sistêmicos e de contato para controle de D. citri em laranjeira. Os experimentos foram realizados na Fazenda Marchesan, localizada no município de Matão, SP, em pomar de laranjeira 'Valência', enxertada sobre limoeiro 'Cravo'. As avaliações consistiram da contagem de adultos presentes nas plantas, caminhando-se ao redor da copa e observação de quatro ramos novos/planta, tomados ao acaso na periferia da copa da laranjeira para ninfas, considerando-se ausência ou presença. Em pulverização, os inseticidas tiametoxam, imidacloprido, acetamiprido, lambda-cialotrina, deltametrina, fenpropatrina, metidationa, dimetoato, etiona, tiametoxam + lambda-cialotrina, abamectina e etofenproxi foram eficientes no controle de adultos e ninfas de D. citri, podendo ser uma opção para redução populacional do vetor. Na aplicação via solo, "drench" ou injetado o controle propiciado pelos inseticidas tiametoxam, aldicarbe e imidacloprido, em plantas de 2 anos de idade, variou de 45 a 60 dias tanto para controle de ninfas como adultos.
Citrus sudden death (CSD) transmission was studied by graft-inoculation and under natural conditions. Young sweet orange trees on Rangpur rootstock were used as indicator plants. They were examined regularly for one or two characteristic markers of CSD: (i) presence of a yellow-stained layer of thickened bark on the Rangpur rootstock, and (ii) infection with the CSD-associated marafivirus. Based on these two markers, transmission of CSD was obtained, not only when budwood for graft-inoculation was taken from symptomatic, sweet orange trees on Rangpur, but also when the budwood sources were asymptomatic sweet orange trees on Cleopatra mandarin, indicating that the latter trees are symptomless carriers of the CSD agent. For natural transmission, 80 young indicator plants were planted within a citrus plot severely affected by CSD. Individual insect-proof cages were built around 40 indicator plants, and the other 40 indicator plants remained uncaged. Only two of the 40 caged indicator plants were affected by CSD, whereas 17 uncaged indicator plants showed CSD symptoms and were infected with the marafivirus. An additional 12 uncaged indicator plants became severely affected with citrus variegated chlorosis and were removed. These results strongly suggest that under natural conditions, CSD is transmitted by an aerial vector, such as an insect, and that the cages protected the trees against infection by the vector.
Primeiro relato de Fingeriana dubia Cavichioli transmitindo Xylella fastidiosa para Citros Este trabalho relata, pela primeira vez, a transmissão da bactéria Xylella fastidiosa, agente causal da clorose variegada dos citros, por Fingeriana dubia Cavichioli (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae). Uma planta de três testadas mostrou-se infectada e apresentou sintomas típicos da CVC aproximadamente 9 meses após a inoculação por esta espécie de cigarrinha.
Bassanezi, R. B., Montesino, L. H., Sanches, A. L., Spósito, M. B., Stuchi, E. S., and Barbosa, J. C. 2007. Effect of citrus sudden death on yield and quality of sweet orange cultivars in Brazil.
Análise Faunística de Cicadelíneos (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae) em Pomar de Laranjeira 'Westin' RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a fauna de cigarrinhas em pomar de laranjeira 'Westin' enxertada sobre limoeiro 'Cravo', em plantas com cinco anos de idade. Foram instaladas armadilhas adesivas amarelas na borda da mata, na periferia do talhão e no interior do talhão, sendo avaliadas quinzenalmente, por três anos. ABSTRACT -The purpose of this study was to analyze sharpshooter fauna in a fi ve-year-old 'Westin' sweet orange orchard. Yellow sticky traps were placed on the edge of a forest, and on the periphery and inside the citrus stand. The traps were evaluated fortnightly, for three years. The most frequent species were Acrogonia citrina Marucci & Cavichioli, Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg), and Oncometopia facialis (Signoret). B. xanthophis occurred more in the forest edge, especially on spring and winter. A. citrina occurred most frequently in the forest edge, especially on spring. The highest incidence of O. facialis was inside the citrus stand, on spring and summer. Other cicadellids occurred more often in the forest edge, especially on summer. A. citrina, B. xanthophis, Dilobopterus costalimai Young, and O. facialis were predominant in all places studied. A. citrina, B. xanthophis and O. facialis were super dominant, super abundant, super frequent, and constant, except inside the stand, where B. xanthophis was dominant, very abundant, very frequent, and constant. D. costalimai and Homalodisca ignorata Melichar were dominant, very abundant, and very frequent in the forest edge and in the periphery of the stand, and D. costalimai was also predominant inside the stand. Scopogonalia subolivacea (Stål) was predominant in the forest edge and inside the stand, while Plesiommata corniculata Young was predominant in the periphery (both were dominant, very abundant, very frequent, and accessory).
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