Due to the increasing production of motor vehicles, a large amount of waste with different characteristics and compositions is generated, notably end-of-life tires, which are harmful to the environment when not properly disposed. Their composition contains contaminating chemical elements, resulting in negative impacts on the environment. This research aims to present a process that favors the recycling of rubber waste from end-of-life tires. For the construction of the state of the art and state of the technique, a review of the literature on end-of-life tire rubber, and a search on Google Patents and Espacenet was done using Methodi Ordinatio. For the experimental work, samples were made using concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 60% of end-of-life tire rubber particles, with the addition of thermoset polymeric matrix of isophthalic polyester resin, catalyst, and dyes. In order to evaluate the quality of the mixture, some tests with the material resulting from the mixture were performed: Izod impact strength, Shore D hardness, immersion density determination, flexural strength, and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results from the tests indicate that the composition with 60% of rubber particles had better mechanical results than samples containing 20% and 40%. The tests also show that end-of-life tire particles promote chemical adsorption (interaction) with the thermoset polymer matrix, favoring the mechanical properties. The final results of this research are: the literature review and the search on granted patents showed that this study is original; the experimental work suggests that practical applications are possible, generating a new product, harder with a proportion of 60% of rubber particles, as indicated by the tests, with a smooth surface that does not require polishing. Thus, this research is characterized as innovative as well as having sustainable characteristics.
ResumoEste artigo mostra a importância do processo de reciclagem de pneus, registra os principais meios utilizados para este fim e resalva o método utilizado por uma patente junto ao Instituto de Propriedade Intelectual (INPI), ao mostrar os resultados do ensaio de resistência mecânica a flexão com 20% e 60% de adição, e carga junto a matriz polimérica de uma resina termofixa; a qual conforme literatura inclusive do Conselho Regional de Química (CR), indica que esta matriz polimérica não aceita quantidade muito superior a 30% de adição, portanto um método inovador. Os resultados dos ensaios de resistência à flexão foram mensurados por métodos estatísticos para comprovar qual quantidade de resíduos de pneus possuem os melhores resultados, e se está em conformidade com a literatura e estudos até o momento desenvolvidos. Palavras-chave: Reciclagem de pneus, Pearson, Spearman. AbstractThis article shows the importance of the tire recycling process, records the main means used for this purpose and highlights the method used by a patent with the Intellectual Property Institute (INPI), when showing the results of the flexural strength test with 20% and 60% addition, and charge together the polymer matrix of a thermoset resin; which according to literature including the Regional Council of Chemistry, indicates that this polymer matrix does not accept much more than 30% addition, therefore an innovative method. The results of the flexural strength tests were measured by statistical methods to Grupo de Pesquisa em Avaliação da qualidade de vida e qualidade de vida no trabalho Ponta Grossa -PR -Brasil v. 03, n. 02, jul./dez. 2018, p. 24-36 25 prove the amount of waste tires have the best results, and is in accordance with the literature and studies so far developed.
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