Sistem kendali elevator atau lift yang digunakan di gedung- gedung bertingkat umumnya menggunakan sistem kontrol PLC ( Programmable Logic Controller ). Dalam pembuatan prototype ini menggunakan alternatife lain untuk menggantikan peran PLC dalam mengendalikan proses Elevator atau Lift yang bekerja yaitu menggunakan Mikrokontroler Arduino UnoPrototype elevator atau lift ini berpedoman pada Lift sebenarnya, yang terdiri dari sensor di setiap lantai yang digunakan sebagai gerakan batas lift, beberapa tombol yang terletak baik di dalam sangkar lift ataupun di luar lift yang digunakan untuk memanggil lift ataupun melayani tujuan lantai, dua sensor mekanik untuk membatasi pergerakan pintu dan dua buah motor DC untuk menggerakan pintu lift dan juga untuk menggerakan lift keatas dan ke bawah. Sehingga melalui perangkat-perangkat tersebut menjadikan alat ini meyerupai dengan elevator atau lift sesungguhnya.Berdasarkan pengujian pada alat ini dapat disimpulkan, penggabungan antara hardware dan software menjadikan alat ini dapat berfungsi dengan baik, yaitu lift dapat naik ataupun turun, pintu lift dapat membuka ataupun menutup sesuai dengan perintah.Kata kunci : Mikrokontroller, Elevator, sistem kontrol

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A wall-following robot is one of the main issues in autonomous mobile robot behavior. However, a wall-following robot needs a robust controller to perform specific tasks accurately. This paper presents an optimization method termed Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). It was used to automatically produce necessary parameters of the PID controller; henceforth, it was termed as PID-PSO Controller. A new technique of PSO was introduced to enhance the ability of a PID controller to maintain the linear velocity of a mobile robot. The PID-PSO controller was applied to a wheeled wall-following robot. A number of experiments were carried out, and the simulated results were adopted and performed in real applications. Based on several experimental results it can be obtained that the accumulative errors the robot use PID controllers tuned manually, tuned by GA and tuned by PSO are 0.7866, 0.78543 and 0.74619, respectively. Also, the convergence process of PID parameters using the proposed PSO is faster and more optimal than GA. Therefore, it can be said that the proposed system can improve the performance of wall-following robots by decreasing the accumulative error of up to 9%.

A wall-following robot needs a robust controller that navigate robot based on the specified distance from the wall. The usage of PID controller has been successfully minimizing the dynamic error of wall-following robot. However, a manual setting of three unknown parameters of PID-controller often precisely increase instability. Hence, recently there are many approaches to solve this issue. This paper presents an approach to obtaining those PID parameters automatically by utilizing the role of Genetic Algorithm. The proposed method was simulated using MATLAB and tested in a real robot. Based on several experiments results it has been showing the effectiveness of reducing the dynamic error of the wall-following robot.

The Fuzzy logic combined with PID control is designed to implement the effect of a disturbance force varying in magnitude, position, and duration to optimize the two wheeled and self-balancing robot. Matlab software was used to obtain Simulink-simulation of the experiment process. The simulation results shows that PID parameters that obtained from the use of auto-tuning is Kp = 16.60, Ki = 8.47, and Kd = 8.90. The simulation results of Fuzzy and PID combination shows that the error can be reduce approximately around 60 %. It is indicated that the Fuzzy logic with PID was better to reduce error in Two Wheeled and Self Balancing Robot than using Fuzzy logic.