RESUMO -Avaliaram-se os efeitos de Salmonella Enteritidis sobre a colonização e o desenvolvimento do trato intestinal, a conversão alimentar e o ganho de peso em perus. Um total de 135 perus de corte de 1 dia foi distribuído em três tratamentos:controle; perus oriundos de ovos inoculados com Salmonella Enteritidis via casca e perus desafiados com água de bebida com Effects of experimentally inoculated Salmonella Enteritidis on the gastrointestinal health of turkeysABSTRACT -The effects of Salmonella Enteritidis on the colonization and development of the intestinal tract, feed conversion and weight gain were evaluated. A total of 135 day old turkeys were assigned to three treatments: control; turkeys from eggs inoculated with Salmonella Enteritidis via shell and turkeys challenged with drinking water with Salmonella Enteritidis. At 10, 20 and 28 days, the performance variables were evaluated and samples were collected to perform bacterial assessment, biometrics and histomorphometry. On days one, 15 and 28, samples of meconium/excreta were collected from all birds. The intestinal colonization increased during the initial phase when Salmonella was inoculated via eggshell. The intestine showed greater weight on the first, tenth and 28th days when Salmonella was present, with no differences regarding the intestine length. Salmonella Enteritidis was able to colonize the intestinal tract, establish infection, reduce bird performance and modify the cellular structures of the intestine. Contamination of the eggshell before hatching generated birds susceptible to infection at birth and the frequency of isolation of Salmonella Enteritidis persisted until 28 days of age.Salmonella inoculation by drinking water generated infected birds, but with less recovery of the pathogen with age increase.Inoculated birds showed inferior performance, confirming the potential damage to poultry production.
The study was performed with the objective of verifying raw soy feed, oxidized oil feed, and a control group. Performance evaluation was done at 7, 14, and 21 days of age. Metabolism assay was carried out between the 17 th and 20 th days for nutrient digestibility analysis. On the 21 st day, two birds per repetition were sent for necropsy and collection of intestine fragments (duodenum and jejunum) for histomorphometric analysis. Eight to 14 days after treatment with Salmonella, individuals showed lower feed intake and feed conversion than the control group. Treatment with coccidiosis decreased all performance parameters in the control. Raw soybeans and oxidized oil induce lower weight gain and higher feed conversion compared to the control feed. Unlike after 14 days, at 21 days treatment with salmonella a decrease in weight gain was noted. For the group challenged by coccidiosis feed intake, the feed conversion remained lower than the control group. Undesirable effects on performance in the groups fed raw soybean and oxidized oil remained at up to 21 days. In the evaluation of digestibility, it was observed that raw soy had lower values for digestibility of dry matter, ether extract, and nitrogen balance due to intake. In addition, a lower ratio of villus:crypt measurements was observed. Lower villus height was found in the duodenum of the group challenged by coccidiosis. This group presented a positive correlation between the digestibility of ether extract and the duodenum, indicating that increased villus height implies an increased digestibility of ether extract. The results obtained for the jejunum showed a positive correlation with villus height in groups challenged by coccidiosis, raw soybeans, and oxidized oil; and to crypt depth in the group challenged with oxidized oil. The information obtained in the present study demonstrates that nutrient digestibility parameters can be useful tools for the analysis of the intestinal health of broiler chickens. metabolismo do 17° ao 20° dia, para análise da digestibilidade dos nutrientes. No 21º dia, duas aves por repetição foram enviadas para necropsia e coleta de fragmentos do intestino (duodeno e jejuno) para análise da histomorfometria. De oito a 14 dias de idade o tratamento com Salmonella apresentou menor consumo de ração e conversão alimentar que o grupo controle. O tratamento com coccidiose apresentou redução em todos os parâmetros de desempenho em relação ao controle. A soja crua e o óleo oxidado apresentaram menores ganhos de peso e alta conversão alimentar em relação ao controle. Aos 21 dias o tratamento com Salmonella diferentemente dos 14 dias apresentou queda no ganho de peso. Para o grupo desafiado por coccidiose o consumo de ração e a conversão alimentar continuaram menores que o grupo controle. Os efeitos indesejáveis sobre o desempenho nos grupos alimentados com soja crua e óleo oxidado permaneceram até os 21 dias. Na avaliação dos coeficientes de digestibilidade, foi observado que a soja crua apresentou menores valores para digestibilidade...
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