A S DR. JOAN TAYLOR has indicated, the precise /~ identification of individual members of the A salmonella group of bacteria has made considerable advances in the past 25 years, and the salmonella ranks are constantly swelled by the influx of fresh recruits. However, although over 600 salmonella serotypes have been identified hitherto, only a very small proportion of these are of practical medical or veterinary significance. The most severe human diseases are those caused by Salmonella typhi and Salm. paratyphi B, and in some countries these types are of great importance. In the United Kingdom, however, typhoid and paratyphoid fevers are relative rarities-about 150 of the former occur annually and approximately 350 of the latter, in a population of over 50 million. Other salmonellas, although the diseases they cause in man are in general milder than enteric fever, occur so frequently that they are important sources of illness and, when absolute numbers are considered, they kill more people each year than do typhoid and paratyphoid fevers combined. Moreover, it is not only because of the human infections they cause that they are a source of concern. They are major pathogens of livestock and may cause serious economic loss to farmers. Thus, their control is of great interest to the veterinary world.
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