This study aimed to evaluate the use of vegetation indices, GNIR and RNIR extracted from digital images and using a spectroradiometer in the adjustment models for discrimination nitrogen levels in corn, evaluate the contents and their relationship with corn production components. The experiment was established in a greenhouse with a corn plant per pot in DIC with 5 treatments (0, 50, 100, 200 and 300 kg haG 1 of nitrogen) and 10 repetitions. Evaluations were performed at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 80 DAE, with capturing images using the 720 nm-IR filters, 850 nm-IR and UV-IR cut in a digital camera Fujifilm IS Pro and spectroradiometer readings were used the Spring and Excel software to calculate GNIR and RNIR vegetation indices. The GNIR showed higher sensitivity for assessment of nitrogen deficiency in maize. The use of camera appeared as a promising tool for nitrogen discrimination. The use 720 nm filter was higher to 850 nm. The best times to break down the nitrogen doses evaluated by vegetation indices were 60 and 80 DAE.
The increasing use of natural resources in a disorderly way has been demanding constant monitoring and ecological-economic zoning. The knowledge on land use and cover allows that measures that guarantee the preservation, maintenance of the environment and space management be appropriate to the reality, since through these factors it is possible to follow the probable environmental impacts and the socioeconomic development of a place in several contexts. The Geographical Information System (GIS) and remote sensing techniques have been applied to land use and land cover mapping. This study aimed to analyze the conversion of land use from different perspectives, concerning geoprocessing techniques, in the southeastern of Roraima State, Brazil, in two distinct periods. In order to verify the land use and cover, two analyses were conducted, using the Spring and TerraView softwares. Great part of the cultivated areas was converted into capoeira, what probably denotes an ending of profitable agriculture, as well as its abandonment caused by the nutritional deficiency of the soil, that became inappropriate for cultivation in the subsequent years. A fuzzy logic would possibly fit well to the types of data analyzed, because the attribute query is overly complex.
RESUMONo ensino médio o livro didático é um dos recursos mais usados pelos professores. Para alguns docentes, ele é um dos poucos materiais didáticos disponíveis, e pode ser para outros a única fonte de informação para alunos e professores. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o conteúdo do Filo Cordata e da Classe Pisces, em livros didáticos de Biologia do Ensino Médio, observando a quantidade e a qualidade das informações apresentadas e a forma como foram abordadas seguindo critérios pré-definidos. Para tanto, analisaram-se os conteúdos relativos à Superclasse Pisces, contidos nos livros didáticos do Ensino Médio, na área de Biologia, totalizando 06 obras no universo da amostra pesquisada cuja analise procedeu-se através de uma ficha modelo para a coleta de dados, a fim de assegurar uniformidade na obtenção dos mesmos enfocando informações quantitativas e qualitativas. Pela análise de cada contexto e avaliação, o livro que melhor se enquadrou nos parâmetros e critérios de análise e avaliação do conteúdo peixes para o ensino meio nos livros de Biologia, dentre as obras analisadas, foi o de Sônia Lopes e Vivian Lavander Mendonça, fornecendo informações claras, didáticas, coerentes e objetivas. O livro que mantém regularidade é a obra do Nélio Bizzo. O livro identificado com maior grau de deficiência foi o Adolfo, Augusto; Crozetta, Marcos; Lago, Samuel. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Grupo; Peixe; Livro Didático. ANALYSIS OF TEXTBOOKS USED IN SECONDARY EDUCATION ON FISH ABSTRACTIn high school the textbook is a resource used by most teachers. For some teachers, it is one of the few textbooks available, and can be for others the only source of information for students and teachers. The present study aimed to analyze the contents of the Phylum Chordata and Class Pisces in biology textbooks of high school, noting the amount and quality of information presented and how they were addressed following predefined criteria. To this end, we analyzed the approaches for Superclass Pisces contained in textbooks of high school, in Biology, totaling 06 works in the world of research sample whose analysis proceeded through a record template for data collection, to ensure uniformity in obtaining the same focusing quantitative and qualitative information. Through the analysis and evaluation of each context, the book that best fulfilled the parameters and criteria for analyzing and evaluating the content fish to the middle school in biology books, among the films analyzed, it was Sonia Lopes and Vivian Lavander Mendonça, providing clear, didactic, consistent and objective information. The book maintains that regularity is the work of Nelio Bizzo. The book identified with a greater degree of disability was Adolfo, Augusto; Crozetta, Marcos, Lago, Samuel. KEYWORDS:Group; Fish; Textbook.Educationis, Aquidabã, v.3, n.1, Ago, Set, Out, Nov, Dez 2014
Rede Brasileira de Informações Biológicas-Rebibio www.rebibio.net
A B S T R A C TThe monitoring of the Earth's surface and the dynamics of its vegetation using remote sensing techniques stands out in agricultural activities. The objective of this study was to estimate and map areas cultivated with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] by means of mono and time-series MODIS images in Paraná state through principal component techniques. For this mapping were used vegetation index (EVI and CEI) with the help of as time-series from images of MODIS sensor also was performed by supervised classification algorithms and partially unsupervised with use of principal component analysis. For statistical evaluation parameters were used Kappa and overall accuracy and their respective Z and t-tests. When analyzing the data obtained by the methods used in the estimates of soybean areas it appears that the ratings by the CEI index was highlighted with higher Kappa parameters (κ) and Overall Accuracy (OA), unlike the classifier K-means. For the principal component used five images including vegetation indices, presented to the Kappa 0.48 parameter. The mapping, discrimination and quantification of soybean fields in the state of Paraná was possible with the use of classifiers and MODIS images, which the systematization presented results of Kappa parameters and overall accuracy satisfactory.
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