Bignonieae is the largest tribe of Bignoniaceae, with 21 genera and 393 species of lianas and shrubs, 2–3-foliolate with the terminal leaflet modified as tendrils. We examined the micromorphologies of the leaflet blade epidermises of 13 species of Bignonieae belonging to Amphilophium, Anemopaegma, Bignonia, Cuspidaria, Dolichandra, Fridericia, Pyrostegia, Tanaecium, and Xylophragma, from Pico do Jabre, Paraíba, Brazil. These are lianas except for Tanaecium parviflorum (shrubby). We sought to identify epidermal leaflet parameters to support their taxonomy subject to great similarities between their vegetative characters, mainly in species of the same genus and related genera. Analyses were performed using light and scanning electron microscopy, and showed five types of epicuticular waxes, four cuticle types, three epidermal cell anticlinal wall types, and non-glandular and glandular trichomes. Hypostomatic leaves showed ten different types of stomata, with stomatal indices from 6.21% (Bignonia ramentacea) to 23.52% (Tanaecium parviflorum) and stomatal densities from 76 stomata/mm² (Pyrostegia venusta) to 752.9 (T. parviflorum). The presence of raphides in Amphilophium crucigerum and styloids in Fridericia pubescens constitute the first records for these genera. Epidermal micromorphology provided a set of distinctive characters to separate these species, representing an additional tool to support their taxonomies, as well as that of tribe Bignonieae.
Senna splendida (Vogel) H.S.Irwin & Barneby (Leguminosae) is a ethnomedicinal species native to Brazil, popularly known in the country as "fedegoso-grande and "feijão-brabo", it is used against kidney diseases, bronchitis, rheumatism, anemia and inflammations. A pharmacobotanical study of the aerial vegetative organs of S. splendida was carried out, looking for morphoanatomical data that can contribute to the taxonomy and quality control of its ethno-drugs. Paradermic sections of both epidermal surfaces and cross sections of the leaf and stem were made freehand. Histochemical tests were also performed to indicate the types of plant metabolites. Senna splendida is a sub-shrubby to shrubby, with cylindrical stems, leaves with 4-leaflets, sub-cylindrical petiole, leaflet blade are oblong MOL2NET,
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