The article is devoted to the psycholinguistic factors of translation non-linearity, realized in the multiple translation solutions. Multiple solutions are caused by the use of translator’s different translation strategies in the same translation situation. The aim of the study is to identify mechanisms for making translation solutions and to determine psycholinguistic tools to improve the quality of specialized translation. The research procedure includes a psycholinguistic experiment with the participation of 36 respondents, divided into three groups: the first group 1 – translators with expert status; groups 2, 3 – novice translators with semi-professional translation status. The experiment participants translated a specialized text from German into Ukrainian, in which the number of 13 units carrying informational entropy in relation to the total number of words was 68,0%. According to the experiment conditions, the participants in group 3 had to additionally perform a pre-translation text analysis (PTA) and a retrospective verbal report (RVR) of their translation solutions. The results of studying multiple translations of groups 1, 2, 3 and retrospective verbal reports of respondents from group 3 made it possible to establish strategies for translation behavior and ways of making translation solutions according to the procedural scheme. The experimental data showed that translation results of the group 3 in terms of the number of adequate versions (AV) and partially acceptable versions (PAV) were only 6,7% lower than in the group of professional translators 1. In terms of the number of erroneous versions (EV), group 3 showed only 6,8% lower translation quality compared to group 1. In group 2, a significantly lower quality of translation was notified. According to the experiment results, in group 2 33,4% less AV / PAV was registered, and 35,8% more EV than in group 1. The conclusions of the experiment indicate the importance of the psycholinguistic factor of translation solutions’ deautomatization at the stages of analysis, synthesis and translation product revision. The psycholinguistic tools of PTA and RVR contributed to improving the specialized translation quality due to the awareness of mental processes by translators.
The article deals with the analysis of the association area structure of the notion of competence based on the results of the free association experiment. It was found out that respondents verbalize both key components of the lexicographical and terminological meaning of the notion (awareness, experience, skills, knowledge, mind) and its axiological component (politeness, correctness, professionalism, responsibility, respect). Some reactions testify to the process of identifying competence with the professional sphere of activity (profession, job). As a result of processing of associative reactions, it has been established that the associative gestalt of the word-stimulus forms 10 zones – the notional components, the subject, the subject’s activity, the field of the subject’s activity, leading features of the subject’s activity, the moral and ethical face of the subject of activity, characteristic features of the subject’s activity, evaluative reactions, individual reactions, emotions. Each zone of the associative gestalt in accordance with the quantitative indicators is assigned a rank from 1 to 9 (in two zones the number of reactions coincides). The core of the associative gestalt (ranks 1 – 2) includes frequency responses that correspond to the zones «Notional components» and «Leading features of the subject’s activity», the remaining zones (ranks 3 – 9) form the periphery. Core reactions indicate a sufficiently high level of respondents’ mastering of key components of the notion as well as realization of the demand for a new generation of specialists by native speakers that can effectively apply the acquired knowledge and skills in a certain field of activity. The article also deals with the analysis of associative reactions in accordance with the model of the epistemological structure of consciousness of native speakers. It was found out that in the linguistic consciousness of respondents a certain balance is maintained between subjective (the value and motivational sphere) and objective (the logical and notional sphere) images; dominant in the cognitive activity of informers is the mental level of consciousness images, since in the emotional and affective sphere there are no frequency responses, and the body-perceptual sphere is not represented verbally.
The article deals with Yevgeniy Vikentiyovych Cherezov, the most important milestones of his life, with his scientific and pedagogical activity as well-known Ukrainian Egyptian, Doctor of Historical Sciences, professor, long time head of the Department of History of the Ancient World and Middle Ages of Chernivtsi University. The focus is on poorly researched pages of biography of a scientist and teacher. Separately are analyzed his scientific works, in particular, concerning Ancient Egypt. The scientist’s publication has been characterized the problems of decoding of Egyptian hieroglyphs on sphinxes; land relations; the situation of ancient Egyptian slaves and various categories of peasants; tax system; the classification and description of agricultural tools of Ancient Egypt; development of fisheries; economy and state system of the period of the Ancient kingdom and others like that. The article focuses on the monograph by Ye. Cherezov "Agriculture Engineering in Ancient Egypt". An assessment is given on the scientific heritage of the prominent Ukrainian Egyptologist.
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