The multilayer stents are occasionally used for the treatment of complicated aortic aneurysms, including thoracoabdominal aneurysms. No aneurysm-related mortality among patients treated with this technique has been described in the literature to date. We describe a case of rupture of an aortic aneurysm previously treated with a multilayer stent.

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MMP-2 activity by Ϫ8 Ϯ 1% (n ϭ 2), Est-stimulated migration by Ϫ34 Ϯ 2% (p Ͻ 0.01; n ϭ 4-8), and Est-stimulated proliferation by Ϫ9 Ϯ 3% (p Ͻ 0.05; n ϭ 3), indicating they occur in an ERK1/2 dependent manner.Conclusions: Estrogen stimulates the cellular processes of IH development via ERK1/2 dependent signaling. Inhibition of ERK1/2 results in downregulation of Est-mediated MMP activity and Est-induced VS MC migration and proliferation. Future studies will include targeted ERK1/2 silencing to assay a possible mechanism for effective IH inhibition. Understanding the signaling mechanisms involved in hormone-mediated IH development could provide a basis for therapeutic strategies of inhibition.