We have identified a range of SD-OCT features, which we believe to be consistent with a diagnosis of PVRL. We propose that the observation of hyper-reflective subretinal infiltrates as described is highly suggestive of PVRL. This case series further demonstrates the utility of SD-OCT as a non-invasive and rapid aid to diagnosis, which may improve both visual outcomes and survival of patients with intraocular malignancies such as PVRL.

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This study provides a comprehensive description of choroidal involvement in TBU. Patients with SLC and ampiginous choroiditis may have better clinical outcomes.

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Objective: Aim of the study was to examine extent, natural history and clinical features associated with visual impairment (VI) in patients diagnosed with ocular tuberculosis (OTB) by the Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1.Methods: Multi-center retrospective cohort study. Main outcomes were VI.Results: A total of 302 patients were included in the study, including 175 patients whose data related to BCVA were available throughout the 2 years of follow up. Mean BCVA grossly improved at 12, 18 and 24 months of follow-up (p<0.001). Mean BCVA was worse at 12-18th month follow-up for patients treated with ATT versus patients who were not treated with ATT, but patients treated with ATT had a statistically significant improvement in BCVA at the 24-month endpoint.Conclusions: OTB is associated with significant visual morbidity, future well designed prospective studies are warranted to establish the causal association between OTB and visual loss.

Aflibercept is a fully human recombinant fusion protein that includes the second domain of human VEGF receptor 1 and the third domain of human VEGF receptor 2. Despite the important role played by VEGF in maintaining the physiological condition of the retina under normal conditions, dysregulation of VEGF can result in pathological alterations including hyperpermeability of the retinal capillaries and migration and proliferation of retinal endothelial cells. Over the years, a number of studies have evaluated the use of intravitreal aflibercept in different retinal diseases. In this review, we aim to summarize the scientific evidence and recommendations for use of intravitreal aflibercept in neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular oedema, macular oedema associated with retinal vein occlusion, and myopic choroidal neovascularization.

To report the clinical findings, anatomical features, and treatment outcomes in subjects with ocular tuberculosis (OTB) at 24 months in the Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1. Methods:Of the 945 subjects included in the multinational retrospective COTS-1, those who completed 24-month follow-up after completion of treatment were included. Treatment details, anatomical features, and recurrences were noted. The main outcome measure was number of patients with treatment failure (TF).Results: 228 subjects (120 males; mean age of 42.82±14.73 years) were included. The most common phenotype of uveitis was posterior (n=81; 35.53%), and panuveitis (n=76; 33.33%). 52 patients (22.81%) had TF. Subjects with panuveitis (31.58%) and intermediate uveitis (29.63%) accounted for majority of TF. On univariable analysis, odds of high TF was observed with bilaterality (OR:3.46, p=0.003), vitreous haze (OR:2.14, p=0.018), vitreous cells (OR:2.44, p=0.005), and use of immunosuppressive therapies (OR:5.45, p=0.003).Conclusions: Majority of subjects (>75%) achieved cure in the COTS-1 at 24-month follow-up. The concept of "cure" maybe a valuable clinical endpoint in trials assessing treatment of OTB.