A novel dual-stage optical frequency comb (OFC) demultiplexer, for use in a photonic millimeter-wave (mmW) generator, is demonstrated. Unlike other demultiplexing techniques, the proposed method features a single optical path for both tones used for the mmW generation, thus eliminating the challenges related to the mismatch of path lengths. In addition, the use of active demultiplexing provides filtering, amplification and data modulation of the comb tones, all in a single device. In this article, we demonstrate the operational principle of the dual-stage active demultiplexer-enabled mmW generation, verify the quality (beat tone width ~13 Hz) and stability (power fluctuation ~0.26 dB) of the generated mmW signal and validate the performance of an A-RoF system employing the proposed device. For the system demonstration, 64-QAM UF-OFDM signals, at frequencies of 29.5 and 38 GHz, are generated and transmitted over 25 km of singlemode fiber. A BER of 3.2e-4 for 29.5 GHz and 1.6e-4 for 38 GHz is achieved without the use of optical amplifiers, showing the great potential of the proposed technique. Finally, a case study of an A-RoF distribution system, employing three different demultiplexing techniques, is presented. We demonstrate that the proposed transmitter, in comparison to other demultiplexing techniques, provides a larger power budget (> 6 dB) that can be used to extend the reach of the system and/or increase the number of remote radio units served using a single OFC.
We propose a 60-GHz orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radio over fiber system based on direct modulation-direct detection using an externally injected gainswitched DFB laser with adaptive modulation format. Power fading due to chromatic dispersion is mitigated by optimizing the bias current. Adaptive modulation for OFDM is used to improve the signal transmission performance. A 15.31-Gb/s 60-GHz OFDM signal generation and transmission over 25-km standard single-mode fiber is experimentally demonstrated.Index Terms-Radio over fiber, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, power fading, adaptive modulation.
In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate an optical frequency comb (OFC) based transmitter, employing directly modulated active demultiplexers, for data center interconnects. The results validate that the proposed transmitter has the potential to achieve aggregate data rates of 100 Gb/s (8 × 12.5 Gb/s) and 200 Gb/s (8 × 25 Gb/s) for systems employing 4and 16-quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM) discrete multitone (DMT) modulation. An OFC based on an externally injected gain switched laser (EI-GSL) is used, providing excellent stability and flexibility in free spectral range (FSR). The OFC is followed by an injection locked active demultiplexer, which not only filters, but also amplifies individual comb tones, thus alleviating the need for an external optical amplifier to boost the low powered comb tones. Using the proposed configuration, we experimentally demonstrate a successful transmission of 12.5 Gb/s/ 4-QAM DMT and 25 Gb/s/ 16-QAM DMT signals over 40 km and 25 km of SSMF, respectively. In addition, we show that it is possible to filter and modulate comb lines that are 20 dB below the spectral peak, whilst achieving a BER below the hard decision (HD-) FEC limit of 3.8e-3. This gain flattening or comb expansion feature leads to a significant increase in the channel count, which in turn provides a reduction in the energy consumption and the footprint of the transmitter. Index Terms-Active demultiplexer, data center interconnects, direct modulation, discrete multi-tone, optical frequency combs. I. INTRODUCTIONVER the past decade, the global demand for communication capacity has increased exponentially [1]. This enormous growth in data traffic, caused predominantly by the bandwidth-hungry applications, like cloud computing and new web applications, is driving data center networks (DCNs) to the so-called "Zettabyte threshold", as predicted by a Cisco report [2]. As a result, there is an increasing need for highspeed DC interconnects (DCI) [3,4]. To meet the growing demand for bandwidth, DCNs must evolve towards higher performance and throughput, whilst improving the spectral "
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