Seawater bittern is a liquid that still exists after most of the NaCl has crystalized in the production of salt from seawater. The main components of the liquid are MgCl2 and NaCl. This study aims to recover the NaCl present in bittern through the precipitation method with NaOH and evaporation. The initial stage of this research was collection of bittern in the salt production process in a salt pond. The obtained bittern samples were then added with NaOH to precipitate the MgCl2 components as Mg(OH)2 and leave NaCl as filtrate. The precipitate and the filtrate were separated by filtration. The obtained NaCl filtrate is then evaporated to obtain high purity NaCl. The product obtained was then determined the NaCl contents by argentometric titration. NaCl crystal was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy XRD spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The recovery results showed that the NaCl obtained had a high purity of 98.75% w/w and yield 30,45%. The IR spectra and diffractogram obtained showed compatibility with the characteristics of the reference NaCl.
Bittern is a by-product of the manufacture of salt which has a high MgCl2 content. Bittern can produce Mg(OH)2 which is one of the important precursors of MgO. MgO compounds can be used as an antibacterial against E. coli that contaminates food. This research aims to synthesize MgO nanoparticles as well as antibacterial testing against E.coli. Synthesis was performed using the wet precipitation method with bittern reaction and technical NaOH with volume ratio 1: 1 which was then calcined at 5000C, 6000C, and 7000C. Characteristic tests using XRD, FT-IR, and SEM and antibacterial activity testing using disc diffusion method with concentrations of 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, and 30 mg/mL. Inhibition is measured based on the size of the diameter of the bacterial growth inhibition area. Based on the results of the XRD test showed the result of pure MgO with a crystalline size of 6.3 nm; 7.2 nm; and 15.8 nm at each calcination temperature, the FT-IR test produced an absorption at a wave <450 cm-1 indicating the presence of MgO clusters and the SEM test produced a nano-structure that was almost round, dense as a cavity in the grains. The results of testing the antibacterial activity of MgO nanoparticles showed inhibitory activity with a diameter range between 5 mm - 8 mm which was interpreted in the medium category. The best inhibition value is 5000C calcination at a concentration of 30 mg/ml of 7.87 mm.
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