Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). These diseases have become important health problems. Medical therapy for IBD has advanced dramatically in the last decade with the introduction of targeted biologic therapies, the optimization of older therapies, including rugs such as immunomodulators and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), and a better understanding of the mucosal immune system and the genetics involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. The goal of IBD therapy is to induce and maintain remission. The current treatment paradigm involves a step-up approach, moving to aggressive, powerful therapies only when milder therapies with fewer potential side effects fail or when patients declare themselves to have an aggressive disease. This review focuses on the current treatments for inflammatory bowel disease.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune and post-infectious immune disease. The syndrome includes several pathological subtypes, the most common of which is a multifocal demyelinating disorder of the peripheral nerves. In the present review, the main clinical aspects and the basic features of GBS are discussed along with approaches to diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, the pathophysiology of GBS is reviewed, with an emphasis on the production of symptoms and the course of the disease.

BackgroundATP sensitive potassium channels are widely distributed in central nervous system (CNS) and these channels could be the target in CNS disorders by their modulators.PurposeThe present study was designed to investigate the anticonvulsant potential of glibenclamide on MES induced seizure and pentylenetetrazole induced seizure in mice.MethodsSeizures were induced in 7 months albino mice with a single 12 mA intensity of 50 Hz stimulus for 0.2 s using electroconvulsiometer. Tonic flexion, tonic extension, clonic convulsion and mortality protection were recorded, 60 minutes after the oral administration of the vehicle (3% Tween 80), Standard (diazepam 3 mg/kg i.p.) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg). In second model, seizures were induced with a single convulsive dose (80 mg/kg i.p) of pentylentetrazole (PTZ). Seizures were assessed in terms of onset of seizure, number of jerks, onset of tonic convulsion and clonic convulsions and mortality protection. The study was performed at antidiabetic dose of glibenclamide 5 mg/kg per oral.ResultsGlibenclamide (5 mg/kg p.o.) showed significant (p<0.05) protective activity in MES induced seizures and attenuated pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure activity in mice. The anticonvulsant action of glibenclamide was noticeable in this study. However, further studies are required to elucidate its full anticonvulsant potential.ConclusionsGlibenclamide is able to exert protective effects in MES induced seizures and attenuates pentylenetetrazole induced seizure activity in mice.

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Objective: Role of leptin resistance in correlation between obesity and asthma. Methods: High-caloric diet was given for 8 weeks to induce obesity. Ovalbumin followed by aluminum hydroxide was given to induce asthma. The animal was treated with leptin analog (0.4 mg/kg, i.p. for 7 days) and leptin antagonist (3 mg/kg, p.o., for 7 days). Biochemical parameters such as serum leptin, ghrelin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and physical parameters such as tidal volume and airflow rate were estimated to confirm the state of asthma and obesity, respectively. Results: It was found that leptin and ghrelin were elevated in obese and obese asthmatic condition, responsible for leptin resistance. Treatment with leptin analog and leptin antagonist significantly increases and decreases serum leptin levels, respectively. There was no significant change in TNF-α and ghrelin level after leptin analog treatment. The result of respiratory parameters improved with leptin analog. From our study, we found beneficial role of leptin analog in obese asthmatic condition. Conclusion: Leptin is an alternative treatment approach to treat obese asthmatic condition.

Ayurveda is the world’s oldest clinical gadget and the maximum extensively used remedy for alopecia area, mainly in rural India, wherein 68-75% of the populace lives. Ayurveda performed an increasing number of critical functions in Europe and North America because it unfolds to Western international locations withinside the twentieth century. This approach is presently one of the fastest-developing CAM remedies withinside the world. Osteoarthritis is the maximum not unusual place form of arthritis that frequently happens in antique age. Osteoporosis is known as sandy Vata in Ayurveda. It is a joint sickness that reasons pain, swelling, and stiffness whilst the bones are driven into the joint because of abrasion of the cartilage and the bones rub in opposition to every other. The maximum not unusualplace joints are the knee, pelvis, arm, and spine. Osteoarthritis is a main purpose of incapacity withinside the elderly, affecting about 18-26 years of age in adults 22-27 years of age. The occurrence of osteoarthritis is 38tween a long time of forty and forty-five and 76tween a long time of 60 and 65, and the superiority and effect on fitness growth with age. Drug remedy is a complete symptomatic remedy for osteoarthritis of the knee and frequently keeps the person's mobility. This article reviews hints and recommendation on knee implant remedy withinside the new hints of the Asian Medical Association, highlights a few critical aspects, and discusses decision-making considerations. By realistically comparing the effectiveness of remedy, it plans to lessen the threat of clinical mistakes and preventable facet results and take extra meticulous measures.

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nervous system in which a T-cell-mediated inflammatory process is associated with destruction of myelin sheaths. In present review, the main clinical aspects and the basic features of the MS (Multiple sclerosis) with diagnosis, including the new McDonald criteria and the treatment approach to MS are discussed. The pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis is reviewed, with emphasis on the axonal conduction properties underlying the production of symptoms and the course of the disease. Various demyelination patterns and their correlation with the disease types have been discussed. Finally, a brief description of the available treatments is discussed. In addition to this, newer targets for the treatment of MS are also reviewed.