Capsaicin (capsicum oleoresin) extracted from two peeper species, Capsicum frutescens and Capsicum baccatum, was investigated as a natural preservative against fungal (Paecilomyces variotti) attack on Pinus sp. and Hymenaea sp. Static contact angle measurements were performed as a function of time in order to investigate the wetting properties of the wood samples treated with capsicum oleoresin. As revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis, photographs, and angle contact measurements, Hymenaea sp is more sensitive to the presence of capsicum oleoresin, which can inhibit, or retard, the growth of Paecilomyces variotti. Structures of filaments called hyphae, occurring typically in multicellular fungi, were observed on the sample surfaces studied by using an electronic scanning microscope. The capsicum oleoresin extracted from Capsicum frutescens showed to be more effective as a preservative due to its greater degree of pungency (higher capsaicin content) and better penetration into the cellular structure of the woods.
Agradecimentos AGRADECIMENTOSMuito obrigado Senhor por todas as graças que sempre me concedeu. À Profª. Drª.Débora Gonçalves, pela orientação no desenvolvimento deste trabalho.A CNPq pelo apoio financeiro, fundamental para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho.A minha família, pois sempre me proporcionou excelentes momentos de alegria. Em especial aos meus pais Luiz Antonio e Janice, por serem modelo de vida e me proporcionarem forças para superar os obstáculos, me incentivando a prosseguir e idealizar meus sonhos.Vocês me presentearam com a riqueza do estudo e fizeram de mim não apenas uma profissional especializada, mas sobre tudo um ser humano, não basta palavras para expressar os mais sinceros agradecimentos. A minha irmã Analeila pelo apoio sempre presente, me dando forças para lutar e ir adiante. Aos tios e primos pelo incentivo.Aos amigos de sala 18C, Andrey, Adriana, Alexandre, Juliana, Pagliai, Washington, Valquíria, Vananélia e em especial ao André e Guidoval que não mediram esforços para me ajudar. Com certeza todos vocês fizeram a diferença para eu idealizar este trabalho. "As pessoas podem aparecer em nossas vidas por acaso, mas não é por acaso que elas permanecem. Aos amigos, a certeza de nunca estar só."A Letícia por sempre me compreender e me ajudar a seguir em frente e aos amigos que sempre estiveram presente nessa minha caminhada: Edilaine, Érika Inácio e Melina.Ao amigo Guilherme por ensinar e ajudar na parte da biologia deste trabalho, mas principalmente pelo carinho, apoio e incentivo em todos os momentos da minha vida.Ao Instituto Lauro Souza Lima, principalmente a funcionária Izilda Andrade pelo fornecimento do fungo.Ao professor Adriano Andricopoulo.e ao técnico Luciano Abel por fornecer estrutura de seus laboratórios. Ao professor Almir pelas sugestões.A técnica Débora Balogh pela ajuda.Ao pessoal da seção acadêmica e biblioteca pela prontidão em servir. Subsequently, these specimens were exposed to fungus and their development was monitored. Epígrafe. Analyses showed that the natural preservative slowed the growth of the fungus for some days. Action of the oleoresin capsaicin extracted from Chilli pepper is the most efficient when compared to pepper oleoresin extracted from Capsicum frutensens and Capsicum baccatum and also with the linseed oil.. The measured contact angle measured showed that the preservative of Oleoresin Chilli Pepper offered a higher wettability for both wood species.FTIR-ATR technique indicated that the preservatives did not change wood structure and Xray analysis revealed that the development of the fungus caused a loss of stability and periodicity in the wood structures. At proportion test to analyze the development of the fungus, it was shown statistically that their growth was lower for the samples with preservatives peppers. It was possible to visualize the hyphae structure by scanning electronic microscopy technique. Mass loss of both wood species was lower when preservative was used, and Pine species was more degraded.
This study aims to investigate wettability, surface polarity, and mass loss in two reforestation woods, Pinus sp. (softwood) and Erisma sp (hardwood), after heat treatment. The wood samples were heated to 100 °C, 140 °C and 180 °C, meanwhile a control group was kept at a fixed temperature of 25 °C. Different test liquids were employed in order to obtain the contact angles (wetting angles) formed on the heat-treated sample surfaces. From such measurements, the values of surface free energy, in terms of its polar and dispersive components, were calculated by the Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble approach. Temperatures far below 180 °C proved to be high enough to yield hydrophobic samples, i.e., with relatively high wetting angles and low surface polarity, but without drastic visual and dimensional changes. The impact of heat treatment on the surface properties of Pinus sp. and Erisma sp. was also verified by fungal inoculation (Pycnoporus sanguineus). Compared to Pinus sp., heat-treated Erisma sp. showed improved properties, such as mass stability, surface polarity and wettability.
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