The Order Siphonaptera comprises cosmopolitan haematophagous ectoparasites of birds and mammals. More than ten years have past since the last list of species known for Argentina. Herein we provide a review of the fleas from the country, which includes an updated list, host species and geographical distribution for each taxa, as well as some comments. We report 127 species and subspecies belonging to eleven different families; 42 of these species are endemic. Four genera (Adoratopsylla, Cleopsylla, Ctenidiosomus, and Nonnapsylla) and six species and subspecies (Adoratopsylla (Adoratopsylla) antiquorum antiquorum, Agastopsylla pearsoni, Polygenis (Polygenis) roberti beebei, Plocopsylla (Plocopsylla) silewi, Plocopsylla (Plocopsylla) wilesi and Tunga terasma) are added to the list for Argentina. Nine species new to science are included, described on the bases of specimens collected from Argentina (Ctenidiosomus austrinus, Ectinorus (Ectinorus) lareschiae, Ectinorus (Ectinorus) spiculatus, Ectinorus (Ectinorus) morenoi, Hectopsylla narium, Plocopsylla (Plocopsylla) linardii, Neotyphloceras crackensis, Neotyphloceras pardinasii and Tunga perforans). Information provided herein contributes to the knowledge of the fleas from Argentina, necessary to a better understanding of their role as parasites themselves and vectors of zoonotic importance.
Among ectoparasites sampled from bats during diversity surveys in 2005 and 2008 in northern Argentina there were specimens of Paradyschiria parvula Falcoz, 1931 (Diptera, Streblidae) and Hesperoctenes vicinus Jordan, 1922 (Hemiptera, Polyctenidae) that represent first records for Argentina and Salta province, respectively. New ectoparasite-host associations and additional distributional records of ectoparasites were also recorded and are given for Jujuy and Salta provinces.
En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de estudios realizados sobre los insectos ectoparásitos de los murciélagos de las yungas de Argentina, la relación ectoparásito-huésped, su sistemática y aportes a la distribución. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante colectas realizadas entre 1991 y 1997, además del análisis de colecciones sistemáticas y la literatura. Los estudios estuvieron restringidos a los bosques de yungas, localizados entre los 22° y 28° de latitud sur. El muestreo de campo nos permitió colectar ectoparásitos en 29 de las 37 especies de murciélagos citadas para las yungas, insectos en 20, y solamente ácaros en 9. En total se encontraron 16 especies de insectos ectoparásitos como huéspedes de los murciélagos de las yungas, en una proporción de 63% de Diptera (44% Streblidae y 19% Nycteribiidae), 19% de Hemiptera (Polyctenidae) y 18% de Siphonaptera (12% Ischnopsyllidae y 6% Pulicidae). Se incorporan a la fauna argentina 1 especie de Streblidae y 2 de Polyctenidae; se registran 8 nuevas asociaciones hospedador-huésped, se amplía considerablemente la distribución de 3 especies y se agregan 2 especies a la entomofauna de las provincias de Jujuy, 8 a la de Salta, 7 a la de Tucumán y 1 a la de Catamarca. Para la mayoría de las especies se agregannuevas localidades de distribución. Los datos obtenidos durante este estudio indican que la Familia Streblidae parasita primariamente a especies de la familia Phyllostomidae y con menor frecuencia a Vespertilionidae y Noctilionidae; la familia Nycteribiidae io hace sobre Vespertilionidae y secundariamente sobre Molossidae; la familia Polyctenidae parasita a Molossidae, y la familia Ischnopsyllidae parasita principalmente a Vespertilionidae y en segundo lugar a Molossidae; la familia Pulicidae (Hectopsyllinae) es parásita en primer lugar de especies de murciélagos de la familia Molossidae y en segundo lugar de Vespertilionidae.
The genus Nonnapsylla Wagner, 1938 (Craneopsyllinae) includes only 1 species, Nonnapsylla rothschildi Wagner, 1938 . Two subspecies are recognized by the shape of the dorsal margin of the helmet, apical shape of the spines in helmet and genal combs, length of first and fourth segments of the maxillary palpus, and shape of the hilla of the spermatheca. The validity of the characters used to separate the 2 subspecies of Nonnapsylla rothschildi Wagner, 1938 is discussed based on information from the literature, as well as from direct observation of type specimens and specimens collected in northwestern Argentina. We conclude that Nonnapsylla rothschildi wagneri Johnson, 1957 should be considered as a synonym of the nominal subspecies. We also extend the southern limits of the distribution of the species and report its presence in Argentina.
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