The biodiversity of the megabenthic assemblages of the mesophotic zone of a Tyrrhenian seamount (Vercelli Seamount) is described using Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) video imaging from 100 m depth to the top of the mount around 61 m depth. This pinnacle hosts a rich coralligenous community characterized by three different assemblages: (i) the top shows a dense covering of the kelp Laminaria rodriguezii; (ii) the southern side biocoenosis is mainly dominated by the octocorals Paramuricea clavata and Eunicella cavolinii; while (iii) the northern side of the seamount assemblage is colonized by active filter-feeding organisms such as sponges (sometimes covering 100% of the surface) with numerous colonies of the ascidian Diazona violacea, and the polychaete Sabella pavonina. This study highlights, also for a Mediterranean seamount, the potential role of an isolated rocky peak penetrating the euphotic zone, to work as an aggregating structure, hosting abundant benthic communities dominated by suspension feeders, whose distribution may vary in accordance to the geomorphology of the area and the different local hydrodynamic conditions.

No abstract

Bacteria, meio-and macrofauna were investigated at different depths in a coastal area of the Central Adriatic Sea, yielding information about the composition and abundance of the benthic community. In particular, 14 nematode genera were recorded for the first time in the Upper Adriatic Sea. All communities resulted as being significantly different between inshore and offshore stations, especially when the season interaction was considered. Sediment grain size seemed to be the main natural variable, along with trophic resources, affecting the distribution and composition of these benthic components, whilst there was no clear evidence of competition for food sources and predatory pressure between the communities. Meiofauna appeared the most useful community for detecting disturbances and river influences. In particular, the lowest copepod abundance in the shallow waters seemed to be related to a greater anthropogenic disturbance inshore, whilst meiofaunal abundance and diversity together with the nematode maturity index suggest the influence of the Foglia and Metauro rivers and the small stream Arzilla.

Many coastal areas have served as repositories of different anthropogenic and naturally induced organic material and nutrients. The major sources thereof are riverine inputs which strongly influence the spatial and temporal distribution of benthic communities. In this study, the benthic foraminiferal, meiofaunal, and macrofaunal colonies in front of three rivers in a poorly known, but environmentally valuable, area of the Central Adriatic Sea have been examined concurrently. The physico-chemical parameters of bottom water and sediment characteristics were determined in order to characterize both the sediment-water interface and the benthic environments. Although changes in the biota are neither univocal nor unidirectional, a moderate influence of riverine input on the different communities' components can be inferred. The most affected taxa are foraminifera and copepods and, to a lesser extent, meiofaunal polychaetes and platyhelminthes. These results are also tested by the ABC curves, which reveal that the macrofaunal communities closest to the river mouths are moderately disturbed. This integrated investigation documents, for the first time, how benthic communities can be used as an early warning indicator with which to monitor the health quality of a coastal ecosystem.

. Organic matter features, degradation and remineralisation at two coastal sites in the Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean) differently influenced by anthropogenic forcing. Marine Environmental Research, Elsevier, 2011, 72 (1-2) This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. were recorded. This active degradation indicated a generally good resistance of the Quarto system 7 to environmental pressures (coastal inputs and anthropogenic influence). However, the high 8 potential release of recycled inorganic nutrients and the favourable environmental conditions (i.e. 9higher seawater temperature at the Quarto site and allochthonous inputs), could encourage 10 unpredictable development of the autotrophic fraction, including an already observed dystrophic 11 blooming of toxic microalgae. 12 13

No abstract

The 0–200 m surface layer of the Ross Sea was studied during summer 2014 to investigate the lability of the\ud particulate organic matter (POM) in response to physical parameters. With the use of satellite information, we\ud selected three zones, characterised by different physical setting: a northern offshore area, crossing the\ud summer-polynya area of the Ross Sea (hereafter called ROME 1), a more coastal area next to the Terra Nova\ud Bay polynya (ROME 2); a southern offshore area, towards the Ross Ice Shelf (ROME 3). Ice-maps showed that\ud the seasonal ice retreat had already occurred in early December for most of the stations. Statistical analysis of\ud the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the POMpointed to significant differences between the stations,\ud especially in the upper mixed layer (UML). A comparison with previous studies showed that the localised pulses\ud of POM accumulation in the UML were similar to those recorded at the highly productive marginal ice zones,\ud providing notable trophic support to the ecosystem. The UML, although rather thin and easily subjected to alterations,\ud confirmed its pivotal role in the ecosystem dynamics. A POM quality favourable to consumers was\ud highlighted at several stations in ROME 1 and ROME 3. Reduced trophic support was, instead, found in ROME\ud 2. Limited POMconsumptionwhere deep-water formation takes placewould increase the POMrole in the transfer\ud of C to the depths

No abstract