Gastric cancer is a 'neglected cancer,' with significant incidence (over 900 cases annually) and late-stage at the time of diagnosis in Croatia. Even in resectable cases, risk of malnutrition is high, and malnutrition-related to malignant disease presents a substantial problem in terms of compliance with treatment and complications during surgery. We retrospectively reviewed the patient records for patients operated for gastric cancer from January until December 2018. Data on sex, age, body mass index (BMI), complete preoperative blood count, postoperative recovery, and subsequent bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measurements (preoperatively, on days 7, 14 and 30) were collected. All patients received nutritional support according to the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS). Twenty-seven patients were operated for gastric cancer, eight were resected with curative intent (four total gastrectomies, one total gastrectomy with splenectomy, three distal gastrectomies and one local excision). Seven patients who had a resection were included in the perioperative nutritional protocol. All patients scored at risk according to Nutrition Score 2002 (NS2002). Two patients had tolerable initial BMIs and BIAs, only one patient with extremely low BMI and BIA had prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay and difficulties with peroral nutrition. Only the patients with tolerable initial values recovered those values postoperatively in the observed period but did not improve. Lean body mass is lost before surgery, and in the early postoperative period, it takes up to 3 months to compensate. However, in the late stage of the disease, routine ERAS nutritional protocol seems not to be enough. Perhaps, in gastric cancer, a more aggressive parenteral perioperative nutrition might be an option.
The most common causes of perioperative hypersensitive reactions are neuromuscular blocking drugs, latex, and antibiotics, although there are other more emerging causative agents. Allergic reactions to Patent Blue V (PBV) dye have been reported. Most of them are mild and presented with blue coloration of cutaneous plaque. The PBV dye is widely used in the identification of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer and other malignancies. Here, we present a case of 33-year-old patient with carcinoma of the breast proposed for sentinel lymph node and skin-sparing mastectomy with severe, life-threatening anaphylaxis which occurred immediately after PBV dye was injected, with cardiopulmonal resuscitation and prolonged refractory hypotension. The patient was without previous exposure to PBV and signs of skin rash, erythema, or bronchospasm, making the diagnosis and management of such cases challenging. Skin tests were performed on all drugs used in premedication and induction of anesthesia and PBV showed positive at IDT of 1:10. Physicians must always think of possible adverse reaction to PBV and for the potential risk of anaphylactic reaction immediately after the dye is injected, during anesthesia and other procedures.
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