Based on mineralogical and technological investigations of the deposit 'Greda' important characteristics of bentonite clay were determined. Representative samples of the deposit were characterized with X-ray diffraction, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, chemical analysis, differential thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. It was determined that the main mineral is montmorillonite and in subordinate quantities kaolinite, quartz and pyrite. The chemical composition generally shows high silica and alumina contents in all samples and small quantities of Fe3+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations. Based on technological and mineralogical research, bentonite from this deposit is a high-quality raw material for use in the ceramic industry.
Based on geological, mineralogical, physical, chemical and technological
investigations in the Tamnava Tertiary Basin near Sabac town (western
Serbia), deposits of ceramic clays were studied. These ceramic clays are
composed of kaolin-illite with a variable content of quartz, feldspars,
mica, iron oxides and hydroxides, and organic matter. Four main types of
commercial clays were identified: i) red-yellow sandy-gravely (brick clays);
ii) grey-white poor sandy (ceramic clays); iii) dark-carbonaceous (ceramic
clays); and iv) lamellar (?interspersed?) fatty, poor sandy (highly
aluminous and ferrous clays). Ceramic clays are defined as medium to high
plastic with different ranges of sintering temperatures, which makes them
suitable for the production of various kinds of materials in the ceramic
industry. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. OI-176016]
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