People who used illicit drugs (PWUDs) represent an important population group for acquisition and viral dispersion. In Brazil, high rates of the human T lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) and 2 (HTLV-2) have been reported in epidemiological studies. However, the epidemiological scenario of HTLV-1/2 infections in PWUDs is still poorly understood. Thus, this cross-sectional study determined the prevalence, frequency of subtypes and factors associated with HTLV-1/2 infections among PWUDs in the Brazilian state of Pará, an area considered endemic for this virus and with poor health services. Among 826 PWUDs, 53 (6.4%) presented anti-HTLV-1/2 antibodies by EIA and 44 (5.3%) presented proviral DNA by PCR. HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 were detected in 25 (3.0%) and 19 (2.3%) PWUDs, respectively. Subtypes 1a (25/44), transcontinental (23/44) and Japanese subgroups (2/44), 2b (6/44) and 2c (13/44) were identified. Involvement in illicit/criminal activity, daily use of illicit drugs, illicit drug use over 12 years, unprotected sex with other PWUDs, changes in genitalia (including ulcers and wounds), and more than 12 sexual partners were associated with HTLV-1/2 in PWUDs. This high prevalence and intense circulation of subtypes and subgroups of HTLV-1/2 is very worrying, and indicate the need for urgent actions for its control, prevention and treatment.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic degenerative disease of the central nervous system that evolves slowly and progressively and is characterized by bradykinesia, muscle rigidity and resting tremor among other motor signs and symptoms 1,2 . Quality of life is significantly impaired not only by motor symptoms, but also by non-motor symptoms such as depression, anxiety, pain, constipation, hyposmia and sleep disturbances 3,4 . There are few studies on the incidence and prevalence of PD in Brazil; however, the most recent study shows that the disease affects 3.3% of Brazilians over the age of 60 years 4 . One of the concerns when treating PD patients is to improve their quality of life. This includes their physical, functional and emotional well-being, their degree of independence and their family relationships, as well as social, economic and political aspects of their lives 5,6 . A decline in quality of life in individuals with PD has been associated with worsening motor symptoms and the combination of neurodegenerative phenomena, psychological suffering and stigma associated with the disease

-This study evaluated two cases of Apert's syndrome, through phonological, cognitive, and neuropsychological instruments and correlated the results to complementary exams. In short, this study reveals the necessity of application of neuropsychological, cognitive and phonological evaluation and correlation of the results with complementary testings because significant differences can be present in the Apert's syndrome.

Com o envelhecimento o sistema musculoesquelético vai se transformando progressivamente e passa a adquirir características estruturais e morfológicas específicas que prejudicam a capacidade funcional e física do indivíduo. O estudo tem como objetivo verificar e descrever as principais alterações morfofisiológicas decorrentes do processo de envelhecimento no sistema musculoesquelético e as suas consequências para o organismo. A literatura pesquisada evidência que a partir da 4ª década de vida ocorrer uma perda progressiva e absoluta da massa óssea, associada com alterações no tecido cartilaginoso, tendinoso e ligamentar, que se tornam mais rígidos, a massa muscular magra sofre descréscimo de 10%-16% após este período e a força muscular é reduzida em 15% por década após os 40 anos. Isso leva a uma diminuição da coordenação motora, da capacidade de realizar atividades de vida diária, podendo levar o idoso a um estado de impossibilidade física que influenciam negativamente na velocidade do caminhar, do subir escadas e do levantar-se da posição sentada para a em pé. Ao término do estudo, concluiu-se que entre as principais alterações do sistema musculoesquelético decorrentes do processo de envelhecimento são, a redução da massa óssea e muscular, associada a uma diminuição da força, potência, resistência e flexibilidade muscular.