The effect of coatings with different concentrations of tamarind seed starch associated with pomegranate seed oil in ‘Paluma’ guava was investigated in the present work. The fruits were harvested from an orchard in the morning, packed in containers previously lined with paper, and transported to a laboratory, where they were selected, washed, sanitized, and separated at random for the application of each treatment. The experiment design used was completely randomized, in the 6 × 6 factorial scheme, six coatings and six evaluation periods, with 3 replicates made up of 2 fruits. The treatments were: T1 (control or reference sample), without coating; T2 (0.24 mL of pomegranate seed oil/mL of coating); T3 (2% tamarind starch); T4 (1% tamarind starch); T5 (2% of tamarind starch); T6 (3% tamarind starch), T4, T5 and T6 were associated with 0.24 mL/mL of the pomegranate seed oil. The treatments were applied under immersion of the fruits in the solutions and then stored in a refrigerated chamber at 10±2 °C and 80±5% RH, and the evaluations were performed at intervals of 3 days to 12 days of storage. Due to the maintenance of the quality of the fruits, and without sufficient material, it was decided to extend storage time until the 21 days. Thus, the analyses were performed at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 21 days with evaluations at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 21 days. The T6 treatment (3% tamarind starch + 0.24 mL/mL pomegranate seed oil) was more efficient regarding luminosity (L*) of the fruits and delaying color development , expressed by the values of C*, also showing the higher retention in the loss of firmness, lower mass loss and lower soluble solids content, suggesting that this treatment possibly inhibited the degradation of polysaccharides, delaying the ripening process of the fruits.
It is very challenging to the quality of the papaya culture’s fruits (Carica papaya L.) after the crop, especially due to their significance to the international market, that is, their elevated exportation demands. The purpose of this work was the application of biodegradable coatings composed of Scenedesmus sp. and Chlorella sp. associated or not with pomegranate seed oil in ‘Golden’ papaya and to evaluate their effect in the conservation powder-crop. The installation of the experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with a 6 x 6 factorial outline, that is, six concentrations (C: control; SO: 0.5% of Scenedesmus sp. + 0.3% of pomegranate seed oil; S: 0.5% of Scenedesmus sp.; CO: 0.5% of Chlorella sp. + 0.3% of pomegranate seed oil; CH: 0.5% of Chlorella sp.; O: 0.3% of pomegranate seed oil) and six evaluation periods (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days), stored at a temperature of 18±2 °C with 60±5% RH with three repetitions of two fruits per portion. The use of coverings composed of Scenedesmus sp. and Chlorella sp. in association or not with pomegranate seed oil was proven efficient in the reduction of the breathing tax of ‘Golden’ papaya, delaying the ripening process, and therefore representing a promising alternative for these fruits’ powder-crop conservation. The coating composed of 0.5% of Chlorella sp. + 0.3% of pomegranate seed oil (CO) provided a better powder-crop conservation of ‘Golden’ papaya during 15 days of storage.
RESUMO:Os insetos estão geralmente associados a uma planta, em sua maioria são considerados pragas, principalmente em cultivos agrícolas, sejam como pragas broqueadoras, sugadoras de seiva, ou até mesmo como vetores de fitopatógenos, sendo neste último uma das causas mais preocupantes, uma vez que muitos fitopatógenos causam doenças que ainda não tem-se um controle eficaz. Sabe-se que no modelo convencional de produção, o manejo das pragas são feitos por controle químico. Este trabalho teve como objetivo fazer uma revisão bibliográfica de trabalhos representativos a respeito do controle de pragas vetores de doenças. A mosca-branca (Bemisia ssp) foi o gênero que mais preocupa os produtores, uma vez que se apresentou como praga em uma grande quantidade de plantas hortícolas, e por ser vetor de vírus, doenças a te então, com controle restrito. Pulgões (Aphididae) também foram relatados, assim como a traça-das-crucíferas (Plutella xylostela) e do tomateiro (Tuta absoluta), controle biológico com o uso de Trichogramma ssp., Beauveria Bassiana, bem como controle físico, químico, etc. De modo geral, vários controles se mostraram viáveis para o controle destas pragas, dentre eles estão o controle químico, físico, genético, biológico e cultural, ambos no intuito de controlar a praga com a finalidade de prevenir a transmissão de doenças por estes. Palavras-chaves:Fitossanidade, Insetos-pragas, Controle de doenças. Abstract:The insects are usually associated with a plant, for the most part are considered pests, particularly in agricultural crops, are as broqueadoras pests, sap suckers, or even how plant pathogens vectors, with the latter one of the most disturbing causes a since many pathogens cause disease that still has to be an effective control. It is known that the conventional model of production, pest management are made by chemical control. This study aimed to do a literature review of representative works about pest control disease vectors. The whitefly (Bemisia spp) was the genre that most worries the producers, as it is presented as a pest in a lot of vegetable plants, and for being virus vector, the diseases you then, with strict control. Aphids (Aphididae) have also been reported, as well as the moth-the-cruciferous (Plutella xylostela) and tomato (Tuta absoluta), biological control using Trichogramma ssp., Beauveria bassiana, as well as physical, chemical control, etc. In general, various controls have proven viable for the control of these pests, among them are the chemical, physical, genetic, biological and cultural control, both in order to control the pest in order to prevent the transmission of diseases by these.
This work assesses the influence of edible coating with nutraceutical properties on post-harvest conservation of guavas 'Paluma'. The experiment comprised of a completely randomized design with four replicates and three fruits per plot. Six treatments were applied combining different concentrations of agar and pomegranate seed oil (PS): T1: 1% agar and 0.1 mL/L PS oil; T2: 2% agar and 0.2 mL L-1 PS oil; T3: 3% agar and 0.3 mL L-1 PS oil; T4: 4% agar and 0.4 mL L-1 oil; T5: 5% agar and 0.5 mL L-1 oil; and T6: control (fruits without coating). After the immersion in treatment solutions, the guavas remained stored in an air-conditioned room for ten days at 10 °C and 40% RH. Fruits without coating (control) ripened faster than coated ones, so the treatments preserved fruit coloration. The treatments T4 and T5 provided the best preservation of peel color, suggesting slower ripening and maintenance of fruit quality, as their colors tended to green and opaque. The firmness of fruits without coating was decreased by 35.15% concerning the coated ones. Treatments T4 and T5 had the lowest loss of fresh mass. On the other hand, T5 showed the lowest soluble solids contents (SS)(13.46%). Titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, total sugars, and carotenoids were not affected by treatments. The edible coating with 4% of agar plus 0.4 mL L-1 of pomegranate seed oil promoted the best quality traits for the post-harvest preservation of the guavas 'Paluma'.
The pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is one of the most ancient fruits there is, characterized by its great variability of genotypes that differ between themselves in their physical and biochemical properties. Studying these characteristics allows us to evaluate these genotypes' variability, as to identify those with features that are fit for use in commercial orchards. In this sense, the purpose hereof was to evaluate the variability in terms of physical-chemical properties of three pomegranate tree genotypes (CV8, CV12, and CVW) grown in the semiarid region to gather more knowledge about these fruits' potential. The fruits employed were collected from an experimental orchard, located at Tabuleiro de Russas-CE, and transported to the lab, where they were selected, washed, and sanitized. An 18-fruit sampling of each genotype was employed for the characterization thereof as their quality physical-chemical features. The genotypes CV8 and CVW presented greater potential of peel and aril color in comparison with CV12; as for the external and internal appearance, the genotypes met the in natura pomegranate commercialization quality. The juice yield was greater in the genotypes CVW (28.3%) and CV8 (26.9%), which also presented the greatest levels of soluble solids-CVW, 13.2%, and CV8, 12.9%. As for the titratable acidity, all three genotypes presented levels under 1% of citric acid. The ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds were greater in the CV8 and CV12 genotypes. The pomegranate tree genotypes CV8 and CV12, produced in Tabuleiro de Russas-CE, presented the best physical-chemical features that meet the quality standard for the commercialization of in natura fruits.
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