AesumoA mudança de hábito e o aumento do consumismo nas últimas décadas levaram a inovações tecnológicas e consequentemente à maior produção de bens de consumo, o que gerou um aumento na produção de embalagens. As embalagens estão presentes em diversos setores, dentre eles destacam-se as indústrias de alimentos, nas quais as embalagens têm como principal função contribuir para conservação do alimento, além de vender o produto. Diferentes materiais são utilizados na fabricação de embalagens para alimentos, sendo eles os plásticos, metais, vidro e celulose. Cada material possui suas diferentes características para conservar o produto, dentre elas as principais são propriedade de barreira a gases, aroma, luz, água, microrganismos e resistência mecânica. No entanto, apesar das diversas vantagens de sua utilização, seu uso e descarte desordenado gera um grande volume de resíduos sólidos, que estão associados ao impacto ambiental. Em preocupação a essa situação têm-se buscado meios alternativos para reduzir tais impactos podendo destacar a reutilização e reciclagem das embalagens, bem como o desenvolvimento de polímeros verdes e materiais biodegradáveis. Palavras-chaves: meio ambiente, biodegradáveis, reciclagem, resíduos sólidos. AbstractChange of habits and increasing consumerism observed in the recent decades have widely influenced technological innovations, as well as the growth of consumer goods production, which has consequently required a crescent packaging production. Packages are used in diverse sectors, among them the food industry stand out, in which their main functions are to contribute to food conservation and selling the product. Different materials, such as plastics, metals, glass and paper, have been used in the food packaging production. Each material has different attributes that help to conserve the product: gas, aroma, light, water barrier, microorganisms and mechanical strength are the main ones. Despite the several advantages of its application, its uncontrolled use and disposal result in a large volume of solid residues and environmental impact. Concerning this situation, alternative practices, such as reuse and development of biodegradable and green polymers, have been considered in order to reduce the impacts.

Osmotic dehydration (OD) is a conservation technique applied to foodstuffs, which promotes partial reduction of water, extends their shelf life and reduces both post-harvest losses and changes in product characteristics. Currently, it has been given emphasis on trying to understand

The high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) process has been studied for several applications in food technology and has been commercially implemented in several countries, mainly for non-thermal pasteurization and shelf-life extension of food products. HHP processing has been demonstrated to accelerate proteolytic hydrolysis at a specific combination of pressure and pressure-holding time for a given protein source and enzyme. The enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins is a well-known alternative to producing biologically active peptides, with antioxidant and antihypertensive capacity, from different food protein sources. However, some of these protein sources contain allergenic epitopes which are often not degraded by traditional hydrolysis. Moreover, the peptide profile and related biological activity of a hydrolysate depend on the protein source, the enzymes used, the parameters of the proteolysis process (pH, temperature, time of hydrolysis), and the use of other technologies such as HHP. The present review aims to provide an update on the use of HHP for improving enzymatic hydrolysis, with a particular focus on studies which evaluated hydrolysate antihypertensive and antioxidant capacity, as well as residual allergenicity. Overall, HHP has been shown to improve the biological properties of hydrolysates. While protein allergenicity can be reduced with traditional hydrolysis, HHP can further reduce the allergenicity. Compared with traditional hydrolysis methods, HHP-assisted protein hydrolysis offers a greater opportunity to add value to protein-rich products through conversion into high-end hydrolysate products with enhanced nutritional and functional properties.

The effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) application on whey protein concentrate was evaluated both before (pre-treatment - PT) and during (hydrolysis assisted - HA) hydrolysis processes. A factorial design 22 with 3 central points was used with pressure (100, 250, 400 MPa) and time (5, 20 and 35 minutes) as independent variables. The hydrolysis was evaluated and monitored by soluble protein, aromatic amino acid contents and RP-HPLC. ABTS and ORAC tests were used to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant capacity. The reduction of soluble protein content was approximately 20% for conventional hydrolysis and for all PT treatments up to 4 h of reaction, while HHP assisted hydrolysis at 100 MPa showed a 35% protein reduction after 35 minutes of reaction. In addition, pressurization favored peptic hydrolysis of β-lactoglobulin by up to 98% and also improved the in vitro antioxidant capacity of the hydrolysates, which increased from 34.25 to 60.89 μmoles TE g-1 of protein in the best treatment. The results suggest that the use of HHP assisted hydrolysis favored the peptic hydrolysis, with a reduction in hydrolysis time and increased antioxidant activity.