Fundamento: durante muitas décadas a apicificação foi o tratamento preconizado para dentes permanentes imaturos com polpas não-vitais. Atualmente, tem-se buscado a revitalização destes dentes através da revascularização pulpar. Esta técnica permite que os dentes permanentes imaturos com polpas não-vitais completem o desenvolvimento da raiz, e utiliza biomateriais para esta finalidade. O MTA é um cimento de silicato de cálcio, e atualmente, é o biomaterial mais indicado para o selamento cervical na técnica de revascularização pulpar, porém ele apresenta desvantagens. Novos biomateriais estão sendo desenvolvidos para tentar melhorar algumas propriedades do MTA. Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão da literatura comparando as propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas do MTA com os novos biomateriais que estão surgindo no mercado, para emprego na revascularização pulpar. Conclusão: na literatura foi encontrado o uso de biomateriais como o Endosequence e o Biodentine na revascularização pulpar de dentes permanentes imaturos com polpa não-vital, porém até o momento não existem trabalhos clínicos randomizados que comprovem as vantagens destes materiais em relação ao MTA.
This university extension project aimed to verify the knowledge of athletes about dental trauma, the prevalence and type of trauma that occurred in sports, previous use of mouthguards and to evaluate the impact of educational/preventive actions implemented in this population. The study was divided into 1) Application of Questionnaire 1 (n=94); 2) Clinical examination and manufacture of mouthguards; 3) Lecture on trauma; 4) Application of questionnaire 2 (n=40). The data were submitted to descriptive analysis and Fisher's exact test, with a significance of 5%. Athletes showed little knowledge about dental trauma. The prevalence of trauma and previous use of the protector were higher in athletes in the fighting sports category (p<0.05). After the lectures, the athletes showed improvement in knowledge about trauma and high adherence to the use of custom-made mouthguards. These results show how extension projects have a positive impact, changing the reality of the population.
Aim This study aimed to quantitatively and qualitatively determine the proteomic profile of apical periodontitis (AP) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in comparison with systemically noncompromised patients and to correlate the protein expression of both groups with their biological functions. Methodology The sample consisted of 18 patients with asymptomatic AP divided into two groups according to the presence of T2DM: diabetic group—patients with T2DM (n = 9) and control group—systemically healthy patients (n = 9). After sample collection, the root canal samples were prepared for proteomic analysis using reverse‐phase liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Label‐free quantitative proteomic analysis was performed by Protein Lynx Global Service software. Differences in protein expression between groups were calculated using t‐test (p < .05). Biological functions were analysed using the Homo sapiens UniProt database. Results A total of 727 human proteins were identified in all samples. Among them, 124 proteins common to both groups were quantified, out of which 65 proteins from the diabetic group showed significant differences compared with the control: 43 upregulated (p < .05) and 22 downregulated (p < .05) proteins. No significant differences in protein expression were seen for the remaining 59 proteins (p > .05). Most proteins with differences in expression were related to immune/inflammatory response. Neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin, Plastin‐2, Lactotransferrin and 13 isoforms of immunoglobulins were upregulated. In contrast, Protein S100‐A8, Protein S100‐A9, Histone H2B, Neutrophil defensin 1, Neutrophil defensin 3 and Prolactin‐inducible protein were downregulated. Conclusions Quantitative differences were demonstrated in the expression of proteins common to diabetic and control groups, mainly related to immune response, oxidative stress, apoptosis and proteolysis. These findings revealed biological pathways that provide the basis to support clinical findings on the relationship between AP and T2DM.
Determinar o comprimento apropriado de trabalho é um dos passos fundamentais para se obter o sucesso no tratamento endodôntico. Para isso, é necessário localizar adequadamente o forame apical. Devido a variáveis anatômicas, nem sempre esse forame coincide com o ápice anatômico, podendo, em alguns casos, localizar-se lateralmente.¹ Alguns profissionais lançam mão do método radiográfico para obter a mensuração do canal, entretanto, utilizar apenas essa técnica não garante exatidão na definição do comprimento ideal de trabalho, pois o exame radiográfico é ancorado em uma imagem bidimensional de um objeto em três dimensões. Os localizadores apicais, então, surgiram para garantir uma melhor precisão da técnica.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic systemic disease that affects the immunoinflammatory response, leading the patient more susceptible to the development of oral diseases, such as apical periodontitis (AP). Thus, this study aimed to clinically and radiographically analyze the periapical status and prevalence of AP in diabetic patients compared to healthy patients. A total of 100 patients were selected and divided into two groups (n = 50): diabetic group - patients with type 2 DM, and control group - systemically healthy patients. Periapical status was analyzed by the periapical index. The quality of the root canal filling and restoration was also evaluated. Difference between the prevalence of AP among the groups were performed by using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test (p < 0.05). The total number of teeth was lower in diabetic group (p = 0.049). Teeth without previous endodontic treatment with AP were higher in diabetic group (p = 0.006). However, the number of endodontically treated teeth with AP was greater in the control group (p = 0.027). AP in teeth with previous endodontic treatment was associated with unsatisfactory root canal filling and restoration quality (p < 0.01). The presence of pain showed significantly higher values in the diabetic group (p = 0.003). In conclusion, this study showed an association between the presence of AP and DM in cases of teeth without endodontic treatment. Besides, the presence of pain was significantly higher in diabetic patients. However, healthy patients showed more cases of AP in endodontically treated teeth.
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