A cultura da Physalis peruviana, família das solanáceas, ainda é pouco explorada no Brasil, mas é uma nova opção de diversificação para pequenos produtores, com boas perspectivas para o mercado nacional e internacional, mais conhecida como camapum e joá-de-capote, podendo ser confundida com outras espécies. Essa frutífera pode chegar até dois metros de altura quando se utiliza um sistema de condução adequado, influenciando no desenvolvimento da planta e na qualidade do fruto produzido. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência de quatro sistemas de condução de plantas de physalis na produção de frutos, em dois ciclos de produção, durante os anos de 2006-2007 e 2007-2008, em Lages-SC. Avaliaram-se os sistemas de condução em "V", em "X", espaldeira simples e livre. O delineamento experimental adotado foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, sendo cada unidade experimental constituída de dez plantas. Observou-se que, nos dois ciclos consecutivos, o sistema em "X" apresentou os melhores resultados na maioria das características físico-químicas analisadas, quando comparado com os outros sistemas de condução. Conclui-se que a physalis se adapta bem à região do planalto catarinense e que, independentemente do sistema de condução utilizado, a planta tutorada sob sistema de condução apresentou frutos de maior peso, diâmetro e melhor qualidade, gerando frutos com maior valor comercial, quando comparados com a testemunha, sem condução e sem tutoramento.
Peach hand thinning improves fruit quality; however, it requires a high demand of labor and increases production costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of growth regulators applied at post-flowering as an alternative to hand thinning of peaches. The experiment was conducted with peach cultivar Jubileu, in 2012. The treatments consisted of no thinning, hand thinning 45 days after full bloom (DAFB), ethephon (85 and 120 mg L-1), benzyladenine (BA) (400 mg L-1), and BA plus gibberellic acid (GA4 + 7) (400 mg L-1) applied 40 DAFB. BA-treated plants were not different from non-thinned plants, had excessive load, and smaller diameter fruit. Treatment with ethephon at 120 mg L-1 resulted in excessive thinning and decreased yield in comparison with other treatments. Plants treated with 85 mg L-1 ethephon and BA + AG4 + 7 (400 mg L-1) had fruit abscission, crop load, production per plant and fruit diameter similar to hand-thinned plants. In 2013, an increased number of flower buds was observed in treatments with ethephon and also reduction of this trait in BA and BA + GA4 + 7 applications. Ethephon at 85 mg L-1 can be an alternative of chemical thinning in 'Jubileu' peaches, without compromising the return of flower bud numbers in the next crop.
As intoxicações alimentares ocorrem devido a multiplicação de microrganismos patogênicos em diferentes tipos de alimentos, sendo o queijo um dos principais relacionados com essa enfermidade. A indústria adota as Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF), que consistem em um sistema de controle de qualidade, que visa garantir a segurança alimentar. Quando a produção do queijo ocorre de forma artesanal, nem sempre são observadas as BPF e os controles higiênico-sanitários recomendados, colocando em risco a saúde do consumidor. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a presença de Escherichia coli e bactérias do gênero Staphylococcus em queijos tipo Minas Frescal, comercializados em feiras livres e supermercados do Oeste do Paraná. Foram analisadas quinze amostras de queijos, sendo seis amostras formais/industrializadas, e nove oriundas de produtores informais/artesanais. Foi possível observar que 86,66% das amostras se apresentaram acima do valor estabelecido para coliformes termotolerantes, e 73,33% do total das amostras se mostraram contaminadas com E. coli (sete amostras de produtores informais e quatro das amostras de produtores formais). Duas amostras formais e cinco amostras informais se apresentaram acima dos limites de contaminação por Staphylococcus estabelecidos pela RDC n° 12 da ANVISA, classificadas como impróprios para o consumo humano. Estes resultados evidenciam possíveis falhas no controle de qualidade, falta de condições higiênico-sanitárias durante as etapas de produção, e/ou após o processamento, por meio do manuseio inadequado, tratamento térmico ineficiente, refrigeração insuficiente, ou uso de leite de má qualidade.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive, productive and physicochemical characteristics of fruits (fruit volume and soluble solids) of ‘Packham’s Triumph’ pear trees treated with different doses of phytoregulators. The experiment was carried out in the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 cycles, using 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid (Etefon) and 6-Benzyladenine (BA) phytoregulators, each at doses of 200 and 300 ml L-1. The experimental design consisted of a randomized block with five replicates, where each experimental unit consisted of one plant. Significance was only found for soluble solids in the 2014/2015 harvest, observing that the highest mean was identified in plants treated with 300 ml L-1 Etefon, (15 °Brix), while the lowest soluble solids content was observed with the dose of 200 mg L-1 of NAA, (11 °Brix); in the 2015/2016 crop, the highest number of inflorescences of the year was identified in plants treated with 200 ml L-1 of Etefon, (1.66) and the lowest value for the treatment with 300 ml L-1 of BA, (0.17). Effective fruiting in the value of 58.33% was also observed and verified for the plants treated with 300 mg L-1 of NAA, differing from all except from 200 ml L-1 BA. Only the plant growth regulator, NAA, at the dose of 200 mg L-1 provides low content of soluble solids in the fruits and Etefon 300 mg L-1 provides high content of solids solubles. The lowest number of branch inflorescences of the year was in plants treated with 6-Benzyladenine at a dose of 300 ml L-1 and the highest at a dose of Etefon 200 mg L-1. The NAA dose of 300 mg L-1 and 6-Benzyladenine dose of 200 ml L-1 had greater effective fruiting, but not did not reflect on the production per plant and productive efficiency. There was no benefit observed in the return bloom with the application of phytoregulators. Besides, no benefits were observed in the return bloom with the application of phytoregulators.
This study aimed at evaluating the use of phytoregulators in vegetative characteristics of ‘Packham’s Triumph’ pear trees in both 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 cycles. The orchard, was implemented in 2011. The following phytoregulators and doses were used: Ethephon and 6-Benzyladenine at 100, 200, 300 and 400 ml L-1. The experiment had a randomized block design with five replicates. Each experimental unit was composed of a plant. Variables under evaluation were leaf area, annual branch length, annual branch diameter, number of buds on the annual branch, internode length, fertility index and trunk cross section areas of the crown cultivar and of the rootstock. Only the following variables exhibited significance: leaf area, annual branch length and number of buds in plants treated with Ethephon in the 2015/2016 cycle. Leaf area was smaller when high concentrations of Ethephon were applied while the least efficient doses for annual branch length and number of buds were 162.66 ml L-1 and 107.30 ml L-1, respectively
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.