In the context of tourism, sports are one of the major attractions countries offer. There cannot be the slightest doubt about the relevance of sports activities for the economy. Previous studies assessing the economic impact of sporting events have usually been partial equilibrium studies. This article contributes to the emerging body of literature by explicitly incorporating four categories of sports tourism events (competitions, championships, tournaments, and leagues), so as to study the effects of sports tourism demand on the economic system in terms of income and added value. It further examines their relative, rather than individual, impact on the regional economy of Castile and Leon through a fixed price multiplier model based on the regional social accounting matrix. The results reveal that sports tourism events represent 3.1% of the regional gross domestic product, highlighting the importance of this sector for its economy.
El objetivo de este artículo se centra en el estudio de aporte económico de las diversas competiciones deportivas de una comunidad autónoma española. Para el estudio se seleccionaron de forma aleatoria 6.981 asistentes en eventos deportivos. Los resultados exponen diversas tendencias que, basadas en evidencias, pueden resultar de utilidad para los responsables de gobierno encargados del desarrollo de políticas de promoción del turismo deportivo. El impacto total de las actividades deportivas sobre el producto interior bruto (PIB) en la economía de Castilla y León, a precios básicos, puede estimarse en 1.655.438.627 € y el mayor efecto de las actividades deportivas es el asociado a las ligas con un impacto total de 930.236.097 €. Más del 82% de los asistentes no residían en la ciudad del evento y su estancia medía estuvo comprendida entre los 1,38 días de los campeonatos y los 4,56 de los torneos. Además, el mayor gasto medio por participante en alojamiento y comida y bebida se encontró en las ligas con una distribución entre el 27% (en alojamiento) y el 51,9% (en comida y bebida). Palabras clave: turismo activo; matriz de contabilidad social; políticas turísticas; gastos Abstract. The main scope of this paper examines the economic weight of the different competitive sporting practices of a regional economy of Spain. 6,981 participating people in sporting events were randomly selected. The results present some trends that could be of real use for governments to develop evidence-based policies related to sport tourism promotion. The economic impact of sports activities on the gross domestic product at basic prices may be estimated as €1,655,438,627 on the economy of Castile and Leon and the greatest effect from sporting activities is that associated with leagues and their total impact is €930,236,097. More than 82% of participating people did not be resident in the city country and the average stay of the participants ranged from 1.38 days for the championships and 4.56 days for the tournaments. Furthermore, average expenses per participant in accommodation and food and drink are those with the highest values acquired during the leagues, with a range between 27% (in accommodation) and 51,9% (in food and drink). Keywords: active tourism; social accounting matrix; tourism policy; planning; expenditures.
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