A well designed targeted chemotherapy is considered one of the goals of anticancer treatment, significantly improving the survival rate, but there is evidence suggesting it may presents significant drawbacks. Oxidative stress is frequently associated with chemotherapeutic agents, generating increased reactive oxygen species which may alter the female genital system. There are numerous opinions suggesting supplemental antioxidants in chemotherapy represent a positive therapeutic strategy. This study aim was to assess if antioxidants as zinc are able to preserve female rat�s genital system in cyclophosphamide (CP) - induced oxidative stress. In experiment there was used 21 female Wistar rats which were randomly divided in three groups: control, cyclophosphamide - administered group and cyclophosphamide-ZnCl2 administered group. After four weeks, blood was collected to determine malondialdehyde (MDA) level and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. Our results suggests that zinc reduces the deleterious effect of oxidative stress on female rats genital system, the decrease of MDA level together with GPx increase being considered as a result of Zn administration.
Background and Objectives: The ponticulus posticus (PP) is a bony bridge that emerges from the posterior aspect of the superior articular process, to connect the posterior arch of the atlas. It is often associated with neurological symptoms. The aim of this study was to obtain an insight into this malformation, and prevalence in the North East region of the Romanian population. Materials and methods: This anatomical variant was analyzed through an observational and retrospective study which was carried out in St. Spiridon Hospital Iasi. The duration of the study was 10 months and, a number of 487 patients who presented neurological symptoms without cranio-cerebral traumatisms were enrolled and a computed tomography (CT) scan was performed. We proposed a new classification of PP in five types. The prevalence of PP was calculated and Skewness test, ANOVA test with Bonferroni correction, and Student’s t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Among the sample of 487 patients, PP was found in 170 cases (34.90%) in an age group of 8–90 years (mean age = 59.52 years, SD ± 19.94 years). Type I was found in 11.29%, followed by Type II—8.21%, Type III—5.13%, Type IV—5.54%, and Type V—4.72% (p = 0.347). It was 19.5%, mirroring the incomplete type, whereas the complete type was reported in 15.40% of cases (p = 0.347), the highest prevalence, namely 41.17% was found in the “41 to 60 years” age group, followed by 36.95% in the “21 to 40 years” group (p = 0.00148). The mean age was higher in patients with PP Type III (61.16 years, SD ± 19.98), while patients with PP Type V recorded the lowest mean age (56.48 years, SD ± 22.13). The differences between the comparative average ages on types were not statistically significant (p = 0.411). The gender and age were not good predictors of PP Type V (AUC < 0.600). Conclusion: according to our study, incomplete types of PP were found to be more prevalent as compared to complete types. No difference between males and females was detected. PP is more frequent in adults and young adults than in the elderly population. It is confirmed that gender and age were not good predictors of the bilateral complete type of PP.
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