Persistent diplopia can occur after cataract surgery using retrobulbar block predominantly through direct damage to the inferior rectus muscle. The overall incidence of anaesthesia-related diplopia in this series was 0.25%.
Introduction: Pudendal nerve blocks have a wide range of clinical applications for the management of acute post-operative pain in urologic, gynecological surgery, in coloproctology, as well as in pain medicine for differential diagnosis, and for the management of pudendal neuropathies. However, despite its benefits it is infrequently used.Objective: To perform a detailed description of the most recent ultrasound-guided techniques with the aim of encouraging safe and reproducible learning.
Materials and methods:We have performed a broad, non-systematic review of the literature through Medline, Embase and Science Direct between 1985 and 2016, to evaluate the most relevant articles, using the following key words: pudendal nerve anatomy, pudendal nerve, pudendal nerve blocks, pudendal nerve ultrasound, pudendal neuralgia, nerve entrapment, chronic pain, Alcock canal, and pelvic pain. The search was limited to articles published in Spanish, English and French.Results: Recent descriptions were found of a large number of anatomic variants, which are described in detail and shown in graphic documents in order to facilitate the sonoanatomic correlation of nerve location as a guide for the performance of the pudendal nerve block through the different approaches.
RESUMENSe presenta la historia de un paciente que después de realizarle anestesia espinal con bupivacaína hiperbárica 15 mg (0.5%), más fentanil 25 mcg, para prostatectomía abierta, presentó dolor en periné, lumbar y en miembros inferiores, 24 horas después de la aplicación del anestésico local. Se descarta compromiso mecánico y electromiográfico con tomografía, resonancia y electromiografía. Teniendo como diagnóstico definitivo el síndrome neurológico transitorio. En este caso la bupivacaína fue el agente causal. La duración de los síntomas por cerca de tres meses es un hallazgo novedoso en cuanto al tiempo de resolución del cuadro, Independiente de su asociación con infección del sitio operatorio. Palabras clave: bupivacaína; anestésicos locales; anestesia raquídea.
ABSTRACTThis report describes the medical record of a patient whom after undergoing spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine 15 mg (0.5%), plus fentanyl 25mcg for an open prostatectomy presented perineal, lumbar, and lower member pain 24 hours following local anesthesia administration. Mechanical and electromyographic compromise were discarded by tomography, resonance, and electromyography. Final diagnosis was transient neurological syndrome. In this case, bupivacaine was the causative agent. Duration of symptoms for nearly three months is a novel finding with respect to the time of recovery, regardless of its association with surgical site infection.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.