The main goal of this study was to develop a theoretical short- and long-term optimal control treatment of HIV infection of [Formula: see text] cells. The aim of the mathematical model used herein is to make the free HIV virus particles in the blood decrease, while administering a treatment that is less toxic to patients. Pontryagin's classical control theory is applied to a mathematical model of HIV infection of [Formula: see text] cells characterized by a system of nonlinear differential equations with the following unknown functions: the concentration of susceptible [Formula: see text] cells, [Formula: see text] cells infected by the HIV viruses and free HIV virus particles in the blood.
HIV infection is one of the most difficult infections to control and manage. The most recent recommendations to control this infection vary according to the guidelines used (US, European, WHO) and are not patient-specific. Unfortunately, no two individuals respond to infection and treatment quite the same way. The purpose of this paper is to make use of the uncertainty and sensitivity analysis to investigate possible short-term treatment options that are patient-specific. We are able to identify the most significant parameters that are responsible for ART outcome and to formulate some insights into the ART success.
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