Water Quality Indices (WQIs) are based on a small number of variables that establish categories for water quality. This method presents some problems with the evaluations, since WQIs do not consider the multiple uses of the water or differences in regional characteristics. The present study proposes a regional and more appropriate variable group for the definition of a Water Quality Index for the Brazilian Federal District, based on water quality monitoring of surface waters in the region. The monitoring was carried out monthly between August 2016 and July 2017, at three points on the Jardim River, Sobradinho Stream and Sarandi Stream, where 21 variables were evaluated. Among physical-chemical and microbiological analyses, the regional characteristics of these water bodies were noted, as well as their differences, and the main anthropogenic interferences that generate changes in water quality. In the urban area, the disposal of treated sewage from the wastewater treatment plant of Sobradinho was highlighted as the main anthropic interference, and agricultural activities stood out in the rural region of the study area. The impacts in the urbanized area were of greater weight. Thus, based on the results of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), two groups of variables were selected, one representative of urban areas and the other of rural areas, to compose two probable water quality indices (WQIs) for the Federal District.
A resolução CONAMA n° 357/2005 é a principal normativa nacional relacionada à qualidade de água, pois dispõe sobre a classificação dos corpos hídricos. Os IQAs baseiam-se em um pequeno número de parâmetros que estabelecem categorias de qualidade da água. Ambos apresentam problemas quanto às avaliações, pois a Resolução CONAMA elenca cerca noventa parâmetros para analisar os corpos hídricos, enquanto os IQAs não consideram os usos múltiplos da água e as características regionais do Brasil. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo reavaliar a utilização dos índices de qualidade da água empregados no Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica buscando trabalhos que discutam as questões dos IQAs, bem como normas brasileiras que se utilizam desse critério avaliativo. Entre os problemas observados notou-se que os índices de qualidade da água no Brasil necessitam de um redirecionamento que considere as características especificas de cada região, e as principais finalidades do uso da água.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.