According to the outcomes of the present appraisal, it was concluded that the numerical score provided by the CAST severity scores allows an overview of the severity of caries disease and the classification of individuals into mild, moderate or severe levels of dental caries when the new formula (F1) is used.
In preparation for conducting an oral health survey, examiners need to undergo thorough training and be calibrated to ensure and safeguard the collection of reliable data. The training is usually performed according to set protocols, such as those of the World Health Organization (WHO) [1], the British Association for the Study of Community Dentistry [2] and the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) Coordinating Committee (ICDAS CC) [3]. These protocols usually engage an experienced epidemiologist, who supervises the training and acts as the gold standard (benchmark examiner). After the examiners have completed the training successfully, they are subjected to intra-and inter-examiner agreement tests on humans to ensure adequate levels of consistency before they start the clinical examination. Training for the detection of dental carious lesions usually consists of a theoretical phase and a practical phase. Theoretical training targets the comprehension of the rationale for and content of the assessment method. The practical training might consist of the visual examination of extracted teeth, assessment of clinical photographs and performance of clinical oral examinations. With the increase in multi-centre studies performed within and among countries, traditional training and calibration sessions have become financially and logistically
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