Objective: To investigate risk factors associated with hypovitaminosis D in adult patients infected with HIV/aids, at a referral hospital in Maceió, Brazil. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study involved 125 patients evaluated from April to September 2013 by means of interviews, review of medical records, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The data were analyzed using the SPSS ® software, version 17.0; the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and mean levels of vitamin D were determined. The association between hypovitaminosis D and the independent variables was assessed using the Chi-square or the Fisher's exact tests; mean vitamin D concentrations were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The level of significance was set at 5% across tests. Results: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 24%, with a significant association with higher household income (p < 0.05). Higher vitamin D levels were associated with female gender (p < 0.001), no use of sunscreen (p < 0.05), and previous opportunistic infections (p < 0.01). Lower values were associated with the use of antiretroviral medication (p < 0.05), overweight and obesity (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Lower vitamin D concentrations were significantly associated with well-known risk factors for hypovitaminosis D: use of sunscreen, antiretroviral medication, overweight, and obesity. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in this study, considering values > 20 ng/mL or > 30 ng/mL as vitamin D sufficiency, was lower to that of previous studies with HIV-infected patients, a fact that might be related to the low latitude and high intensity of solar radiation of the location of the present study. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(1):34-41

Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial action of the CTZ paste in three different proportions by diffusion in agar with the microorganisms: Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Material and Methods: Three different proportions of antibiotics were tested: GROUP A-CTZ paste in the ratio of 33.33% chloramphenicol + 33.33% tetracycline + 33.33% zinc oxide, mixed with 2 drops of eugenol (1:1:1 ratio); GROUP B-CTZ paste in the proportion of 25% chloramphenicol + 25% tetracycline + 50% zinc oxide, mixed with 2 drops of eugenol (1: 1: 2 ratio); GROUP C-CTZ paste with 13% chloramphenicol + 13% tetracycline + 74% Zinc Oxide, mixed with 2 drops of eugenol (1:1:6 ratio); PC GROUP-Positive Control (0.12% Chlorhexidine); and NC GROUP-Negative Control (0.9% Saline solution). Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics (means and standard deviation). The one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test were used, with a significance level of 5%. Results: No statistical differences for Enterococcus faecalis between groups A, B, and C (p = 0.1986) were found. There were statistical differences for Escherichia coli between groups B and C (p = 0.029), and for Candida albicans between groups A and C (p = 0.006). Groups A, B, and C had significant differences with both Positive and Negative Controls for all the microorganisms. Conclusion: The three different ratios of CTZ paste showed antimicrobial efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans microorganisms.

Introduction:This study assessed the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and its association with oral candidiasis and clinical parameters of periodontitis (CPP) in HIV-infected patients. Methods: Periodontal examinations for the 113 HIV-infected patients were recorded using the Community Periodontal Index. A cytological smear from the lateral borders of the tongue was performed to evaluate candidiasis. Results: The frequency of hypovitaminosis D was 23.9%. In multivariate analysis, only the duration of exposure to HIV was associated with CPP .00)]. Conclusions: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 23.9% and was not related with oral candidiasis or CPP.

Dentoalveolar trauma is a severe traumatic injury involving alveolar bone and dental structures. Like any trauma, it can leave irreparable sequelae and even cause tooth loss. The aim of this study is to report on the case of a dentoalveolar trauma in a 10-year-old male patient and the treatment performed with 12-month follow-up. The child had lateral luxation and displacement of teeth 11 and 21 in labial direction after a fall from his own height. The patient was examined at a hospital, received medication and was referred to a dental clinic. At the dental office, the teeth were repositioned, as well as received endodontic treatment and dental reanatomization. Two months after the trauma, root resorption was observed externally, which remained stable for 12 months. It was concluded that post-trauma treatment should be immediate and that follow-up sessions should be done carefully to minimize sequelae and to receive better prognosis.

Ectoderma dysplasia is a syndrome characterized by malformation in the tissues derived from the embryonic leaflet ectoderm, causing changes in the epidermis and its accessory structures, such as hair, hair, nails, teeth and glands. The dental surgeon, in most cases, is the first to suspect this syndrome due to dental absences, which can vary from simple agenesis or even anodontics. Therefore, the alveolar bone does not develop very well and the ridge has an unfavorable morphology for a good rehabilitation. The present work aims, through a clinical case, to describe the difficulty of prosthetic rehabilitation in a patient with Ectoderma Dysplasia in preschool age (3 years), due to the absence of teeth. The treatment defined for this patient was the protocol proposed in the most current bibliographic references, which consists of rehabilitation as early as possible, through the manufacture of upper and lower removable prostheses, in order to enable better nutrition, phonetics, facial expressions and social interaction. After the finalized treatment, we conclude that the early prosthetic rehabilitation, although recommended in the literature, must first be evaluated individually, as it depends on the minimal cooperation of the patient and total family commitment for the success of the treatment.