The arrival of large immigrant populations affects the social as well as the urban structure of the host cities. Immigrants with similar ethnic and social background often occupy segregated areas in host cities, where residential conditions are systematically different from other areas. Residential conditions consist of citywide aspects (spatial distribution, transportation network), neighbourhood facilities (public space, amenities) housing standards (size, occupation, facilities). Based on a literature survey, these concepts are defined through parameters. Specific demographic profiles of immigrants can be identified (country of origin, age, sex, employment status, economic status, religion, economic situation or length of stay in the host area) in order to explore specific residential conditions in the case study cities). The paper presents a model of relationship between immigrant population and residential conditions on the different levels. Here, the level of spatial integration or segregation is of particular interest. Some of these parameters are illustrated by examples from Oslo and Stavanger.
This paper explores the relationship between the quality of life and neighbourhood characteristics among immigrant and local population in Storhaug (Stavanger) and Grünerløkka (Oslo), two Norwegian neighbourhoods. The neighbourhood conditions have been analysed and inhabitants have been interviewed to collect objective and subjective data. Several dimensions have been considered, e.g., physical, environmental, mobility and psychological, with different indicators defining them. Objective data related to the physical layout, green spaces, transport system or environmental aspects are studied and complemented with the subjective information such as the satisfaction of the participants with these aspects. The data collection thus includes geographic, personal and qualitative data, and is analysed with the help of geographic and statistical analysis. Differences between the population groups and between the case study neighbourhoods are determined, being possible to conclude that specific neighbourhood conditions influence participants’ quality of life in these Norwegian minor settings. The local participants in this study are the ones taking more advantage of the physical, environmental and mobility dimensions at their residential area and reporting higher perceived quality of life. The results presented can provide relevant information for the effective and efficient planning and development of residential environments.
Immigration is a highly discussed top in Europe. Flows of immigrants with different ethnic and social background into cities often occupy urban areas. This arrival of immigrant population to cities is based on certain factors both precedent from the country of origin and the country of destination. Similarly, the location choices are also affected by preferences related to employment, housing, or social conditions. All these factors affect the urban structure of the host urban areas, and it is therefore, of interest, to analyse it.
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