Two species of the moth genus Pero Herrich-Schäffer, 1855 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae, Odontoperini) are added to the fauna of the Andes of southern Peru in the Arequipa Department. Pero lopezi Vargas & Palacios sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on male adults collected in Pocsi, at 2900 m elevation. Pero atridisca Dognin, 1906, previously known from Angasmarca (La Libertad), is recorded for the first time in Arequipa, significantly expanding its distribution range.
Angelabella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae: Oecophyllembiinae) is considered a monotypic Neotropical genus of leaf miner micromoths known only from a few valleys of the arid environments of the Peru-Chile desert, particularly the southernmost part of Peru and northernmost part of Chile (type locality), where natural populations of its primary host plant occur. The geographic distribution of potential host plants provides a scenario for a wider range for this micromoth genus. The aims of this study were to explore the geographic range of Angelabella, determine the spatial distribution of mitochondrial lineages, and test lineage conspecificity hypotheses. The spatial distribution of genetic diversity indicated the presence of four spatial clusters, three of which are north of the previously known geographic range. Genetic distances were 0.2–0.8% and 3.6–8.3% (K2P) between haplotypes of the same and different spatial clusters, respectively. Phylogenetic relationships indicated reciprocal monophyly among the four spatial clusters, suggesting that allopatric differentiation processes have governed the recent history of Angelabella in these arid environments. These groups were defined as different species by four species delimitation methods, suggesting that Angelabella is not a monotypic genus, but harbors at least four morphologically cryptic allopatric species with restricted geographic ranges, including the type species and three candidate species.
We describe a new species of the genus Podanotum Torres & Johnson, 1996, Podanotum pajaten Farfán, Cerdeña & Bálint sp. nov. from northern Peru, associated with the Andean treeline ecotone adjacent to cloud forest and wet grassland at 3200 m above sea level. Description of this new species is based on one female adult and is distinguishable from its congeners by the combination of the following morphological characters: dorsal wing pale blue, forewing discoidal line present on ventral side, hindwing tailed, and ostium bursae distally toothed. Podanotum pajaten sp. nov. is separated geographically from the closest spatial species, P. glorissimum Bálint & Wojtusiak, 2002, by approximately 100 km to the south, and represents the second species described for Peru. An identification key to all known species of Podanotum is provided, stating their distributions by country. Publicación registrada en Zoobank/ZooBank article registered:LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FE6C35CF-2609-410C-9CB5-57737D02DFC3Acto nomenclatural/nomenclatural act:Podanotum pajaten Farfán, Cerdeña & Bálint, 2021LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B8CE9125-0182-4DAB-BD92-D15DC4E16C47
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