Cavalcanti et al.: Microphytoplankton of a macrotidal estuarine complex 283
Structure of microphytoplankton community and environmental variables in a macrotidal estuarine complex, São Marcos Bay, Maranhão -BrazilSão Marcos Bay is an estuarine complex with semidiurnal tides that can reach more than 7 m during equinoctial spring tides. It is situated in the second largest Brazilian coastline and is subjected to continuous human activities holding an important port complex of Latin America. In order to contribute to the knowledge about the structure of the phytoplankton in a macrotidal systems, this study aims to evaluate the phytoplankton community and its relationship with environmental conditions in the São Marcos Bay. Five surveys in 2010 and 2011 were carried out on four sampling points during the rainy and dry seasons. Samples were taken during the flood and ebb phases at neap tides. Hydrological parameters were correlated with biological data (phytoplankton composition, abundance and biomass) using statistical analysis. The phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a) characterized the bay as quite productive (10.43±7.62 mg m -3 ) with the nanophytoplankton as the dominant fraction. Seasonal variation was observed in phytoplankton abundance with higher values (34,262±18,422 cells L -1 ) in the rainy season. Diatoms were the most important phytoplankton group, pointing out Nitzschia sp., Diploneis weissflogii and Synedra sp. as the dominant species. This study revealed that the composition of phytoplankton community was mainly influenced by the local dynamics, governed by macrotides, and precipitation regime that mostly contributed to the seasonal fluctuations of the environmental conditions, such as salinity, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.
O livro “Monitoramento ambiental: Metodologias e Estudos de casos” têm como objetivo reunir protocolos de práticas de monitoramento ambiental, estudos de caso, pesquisa científica e de revisão de literatura sobre o Monitoramento Ambiental, divulgando pesquisas e relatos de experiências realizadas no Brasil e no Mundo. Visamos disponibilizar o livro gratuitamente para o público interessado que poderá utilizá-lo como base didático e pedagógica para estudantes, professores dos diversos níveis de ensino e demais interessados pela temática. Os capítulos apresentados neste E-book constituem a materialização das discussões teóricas e das práticas de pesquisas voltadas para o monitoramento ambiental realizadas em diferentes ambientes aquáticos e terrestres. Com esta publicação esperamos que professores/as, pesquisadores/as e estudantes percebam a importância de se refletir sobre as metodologias aplicadas nos estudos de monitoramento ambiental em regiões que devem ser preservadas e sobre as novas tendências e perspectivas para fortalecer a Ciência e a Pesquisa na construção e desconstrução do conhecimento. Acreditamos que as contribuições teóricas dos autores aqui apresentadas podem contribuir para o levantamento de novas discussões, aperfeiçoamento de novos métodos para o monitoramento ambiental, além de possíveis parcerias institucionais.
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