The objective of this work is the study of two adjacent karst springs, Jadro and Žrnovnica, in Croatia. This work focuses on the effects of temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and discharges on the hydrological behavior and relations of two adjacent karst springs. Partial correlation analysis reveals the type of the control signal that affects the cross-correlation function between an input and output signal. It has been confirmed that in the case of the adjacent karst springs Jadro and Žrnovnica, the discharge of the Žrnovnica Spring has an impact on the rainfall-discharge relation of the Jadro Spring. The demonstrated approach represents an improvement in investigating the relations of adjacent karst springs and could be used as an integral part of their hydrological and hydrogeological investigations, considering that the necessary data can occur in a relatively simple and inexpensive manner.
The objective of this work is the study of two adjacent karst springs Jadro and Žrnovnica in Croatia. This work focuses on the effects of temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and discharges on the behaviour and relations of two adjacent karst springs. Partial correlation analysis implies that the impact of the control signal on the cross-correlation function between the input and output signal can be detected from the correlation coefficient between the input signal and control signal and from the cross-correlation function between the control signal and output signal. The groundwater recharge depends on the process of evapotranspiration and rainfall, so air temperature, relative humidity and rainfall control the spatial and temporal distribution of this process. The major contribution of the paper relies on the utilization of simple correlation and fist-order partial correlation analysis to characterize the functioning and relations of two adjacent karst springs in a dry and wet hydrological year by using hourly data. It has been confirmed that in the case of adjacent karst springs the discharge of each spring has effect on the rainfall-discharge correlation of the other spring. The demonstrated approach represents an improvement in investigating the relations of adjacent karst springs in dry and wet periods, and can be applied on any adjacent karst springs.
The relationship between karst spring discharge and turbidity during periods where the turbidity exceeds the permitted value of 4 NTU is analyzed by means of classical hydrological methods including hysteresis loops. The Williams method (1989) is adjusted by replacing river discharge with karst spring discharge, and sediment concentration with exceeding turbidity. The study’s first part focuses on the general hydrological characteristics of cumulative rainfall, turbidity, and discharge during each period. In the second part, four major types of hysteresis loops are identified, classified, and hydrologically explained. The study area is the karst catchment of the Jadro Spring in Croatia. The obtained results show that hysteresis loops can be very useful in analyses of water turbidity from karst springs. A relationship between the type of loop, intensity of discharge, and size of the secondary peak in turbidity is identified. The major types of hysteresis loops were clockwise, counterclockwise, figure-eight and complex loops, and their main characteristics were summarized. The results gave a new insight into the behavior of the turbidity of the Jadro Spring.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.