Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of dietary education on glycemic control in patients with any type of diabetes at four-week and two-year follow-ups. Methods: A two-year prospective study was conducted in three phases: before, four weeks after, and two years after an educational program. The participants were patients diagnosed with diabetes who were receiving insulin or oral hypoglycemics and who attended the Diabetes Clinic of the General County Hospital Našice, Croatia to receive their treatment. The questionnaire and educational program were created for the purpose of this study. Measurements were made (fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, body mass index, blood pressure, knowledge test) at baseline, four weeks and two years after education. Results: A total of 109 participants took part in the study, of which 56 (51.4%) were on insulin therapy and 53 (48.6%) were on oral therapy, after two years, 78 (72%) subjects were followed up with. There was no control group. At the two-year follow-up, participants with insulin therapy had significantly higher glycated hemoglobin (Mann–Whitney U test, p = 0.035). Significant differences were observed in fasted blood glucose (Friedman’s test, p = 0.001), diastolic pressure (Friedman’s test, P = 0.018), and glycated hemoglobin (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.001) between Phase 1 and Phase 3. Conclusions: Education has a positive effect on adherence to recommended diet and glycemia regulation in diabetes patients after four-week follow-ups. However, after two years, participants showed a decrease in adherence to recommended diet and increased glycemia.

Background and Purpose: Variability in transcranial Doppler (TCD) detection of embolic signals (ES) is important for risk stratification. We tested the effect of time of day on ES associated with 60–99% asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Materials and Methods: Subjects were from the Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Embolus Detection (ASED) Study such that half were previously ES-positive and half ES-negative with 6-monthly 60-min TCD monitoring. All underwent bilateral TCD monitoring for two 12-h sessions separated by 24 h. ES detection rates were calculated using 6 and 4-h intervals from midnight and effective TCD monitoring time. Results: Ten subjects (8 male, mean age 79.5 years) were monitored. Over 24 h, 5/10 study arteries with 60–99% asymptomatic carotid stenosis were ES-positive (range 1–28 ES/artery, 56 total ES from 177.9 total effective monitoring hours). The remaining five study arteries and all eight successfully monitored contralateral arteries were ES-negative. Using 6-h intervals the mean ES detection rate peaked at 0600-midday (0.64/h) and was lowest 1800-midnight (0.09/h) with an incidence rate ratio of 7.26 (95% CI 2.52–28.64, P ≤ 0.001). Using 4-h intervals the mean ES detection rate peaked at 0800-midday (0.64/h) and was lowest midnight-0400 (0.12/h) with an incidence rate ratio of 5.51 (95% CI 1.78–22.67, P = 0.001). Conclusions: Embolism associated with asymptomatic carotid stenosis shows circadian variation with highest rates 4–6 h before midday. This corresponds with peak circadian incidence of stroke and other vascular complications. These and ASED Study results show that monitoring frequency, duration, and time of day are important in ES detection.

U radu se analiziraju promjene u ukupnom kretanju broja stanovnika u naseljima Grada Knina u posljednja dva međupopisna razdoblja (1991. -2001., 2001. -2011.) te promjene u narodnosnoj strukturi stanovništva. Budući da je rat prouzročio prisilne migracije koje su odredile demografske procese na tom području, posebna pažnja pridaje se proučavanju migracijskih obilježja stanovništva. Rezultati analize pokazuju da su se najveće promjene u demografskoj slici toga područja dogodile u međupopisnom razdoblju 1991. -2001. Obje komponente (prirodno i mehaničko kretanje) koje su bile negativne dovele su do znatnog pada broja stanovnika te do izrazitog smanjivanja autohtonog stanovništva. Posljedica toga je promjena narodnosne strukture. Predratno srpsko stanovništvo smanjeno je za više od tri četvrtine, a doseljavanje stanovništva iz ostalih dijelova Hrvatske te iz Bosne i Hercegovine dovelo je do prevage Hrvata. Unatoč pozitivnom migracijskom saldu u posljednjem međupopisnom razdoblju, u većini naselja, koje obuhvaća ovo istraživanje, nepovoljni demografski procesi, okarakterizirani negativnom prirodnom promjenom te demografskim starenjem stanovništva, upućuju na nastavak depopulacije koja će u nekim naseljima dovesti do demografskog izumiranja. Ključne riječi: migracija, autohtono stanovništvo, narodnosni sastav, naselja, Grad KninThe purpose of this paper is to analyze changes in the total population change in the settlements of the Town of Knin in the last two intercensal periods (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011), as well as the changes in the ethnic composition. As the war caused forced migrations which largely determined demographic processes in this region, a special attention in this research was given to the migration features of the population. The results of this research indicate that the greatest changes occurred in the 1991-2001 intercensal period. Both components of growth (natural increase and migration) were negative and caused a significant decrease of the indigenous population. This transformed the ethnic structure of the region; pre-war Serb population decreased by more than three quarters, while the influx of people from other parts of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina resulted in the predominance of the Croat population. Although the region experienced a positive net migration in the last intercensal period, unfavourable demographic processes characterized by negative natural population change and demographic ageing occurred in most settlements included in 87 UVODKraj 20. i početak 21. stoljeća u Hrvatskoj i u državama u regiji obilježen je dramatičnim političkim i društveno-ekonomskim promjenama koje su se odrazile na populacijska kretanja. U prvom redu, zbog ratnih zbivanja došlo je do velikih unutarnjih i vanjskih migracija. Broj raseljenih osoba na teritoriju bivše Jugoslavije dosegnuo je potkraj 1993. godine maksimum od 2,5 milijuna osoba (Hovy, 2011.). U Hrvatskoj je u ratnom i razdoblju 1991....

U radu se analiziraju promjene u ukupnom kretanju broja stanovnika u naseljima Grada Knina u dva posljednja međupopisna razdoblja (1991.-2001., 2001.-2011.) te promjene u narodnosnoj strukturi stanovništva. Kako je rat prouzročio prisilne migracije koje su odredile demografske procese na tom području, posebna pažnja pridaje se proučavanju migracijskih obilježja stanovništva. Rezultati analize pokazuje da su se najveće promjene u demografskoj slici toga područja dogodile u međupopisnom razdoblju 1991.-2001. Obje komponente, koje su bile negativne, dovele su do znatnog pada broja stanovnika te do izrazitog smanjivanja autohtonog stanovništva. Posljedica toga jest promjena narodnosne strukture; predratno srpsko stanovništvo smanjeno je za više od tri četvrtine, a doseljavanje stanovništva iz ostalih dijelova Hrvatske te iz Bosne i Hercegovine dovelo je do dominacije Hrvata. Unatoč pozitivnom migracijskom saldu u posljednjem međupopisnom razdoblju, u većini naselja, koje obuhvaća ovo istraživanje, nepovoljni demografski procesi, okarakterizirani negativnim prirodnim prirastom te demografskim starenjem stanovništva, ukazuju na nastavak depopulacije koja će u nekim naseljima dovesti do demografskog izumiranja.