Introduction: Mental health literacy refers to the knowledge and abilities needed to promote mental health, and valid and comprehensive measures are needed to assess it. In Portugal, there are few validated measures to assess knowledge about the factors that promote positive mental health. Objective: To translate and culturally adapt the MHPK-10 to the Portuguese population. Material and Methods: The sample was recruited through a nonprobabilistic method, for convenience, in several institutions of the Porto Metropolitan Area and through an online questionnaire. The validation included the translation and cultural adaptation of the MHPK-10 original version and the analysis of the psychometric properties: reliability—test-retest and internal consistency, content validity, construct validity and criterion validity. Results: The sample consisted of 1,728 individuals aged between 14 and 95 years. The internal consistency value is reasonable (α= 0.79), and the test-retest values (r=0.72) support the reliability of the instrument. The factor analysis forced to a factor resulted in satisfactory values, explaining a variance of 35.92%. In the criterion validity, a low correlation was obtained (r=0.32). Conclusion: Psychometric properties appear to be reasonable, although additional studies are needed. The present work is a positive contribution to the validation of MHPK-10.
Introduction: Given the attention that well-being has received worldwide as being a crucial aspect of the overall health of individuals, its measurement has become increasingly important. Thus, the need for validation of brief and integrative instruments that assess the levels of well-being in the population has emerged. Objective: Contribute to the cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Pemberton Happiness Index (PHI) for the Portuguese population. Material and Methods: The study was carried out using a convenience sample of 1,728 individuals whose responses were collected online and by paper. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct, content, and criterion validity were analysed. Results: The sample consisted mainly of women (n = 1,185), with a mean age of 20.04 ± 20.38 years. The internal consistency of the PHI was very good (α = 0.90), as well as test-retest realibility, with r = 0.79 and p ≤ 0.01 for the correlation between totals and with values ranging from [0.20, 0.46] in Section A and [-0.05, 0.69] in Section B. In the construct validity, only Item 10 of Section A presented values lower than the standard values, which puts into question the validity of this item. Criterion validity had a high correlation (r = 0.75; p ≤ 0.01) when compared to the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS). Conclusion: Considering the good psychometric properties obtained in this study, this instrument can contribute to advancing the complex task of measuring well-being, as well as monitoring and assessing changes at these levels.
The iron ore beneficiation process produces a large quantity of waste. Mining companies are looking for technologies that make it possible to dispose of their waste and transform it into raw material for the manufacture of products that can be applied in other areas, for example in the production of concrete, mortar, ceramics, blocks, and bricks. This study aimed at the feasibility of using a calcined iron ore overburden as a precursor of alkali-activated binders. For alkaline activation of the precursors, sodium hydroxide solution and sodium silicate were used in the atomic proportions Al / Na = 2 and Si / Al> 0,7. Mineralogical and microstructural characterization was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). Tests of compressive strength were performed for the binders with 7, 14, 21 and 28 of curing days. The results of the analyses demonstrated that the properties of the alkali-activated binders produced with the overburden were similar to the binders obtained by precursors used traditionally. It was found, therefore, that the calcined iron ore overburden, can be considered a precursor for obtaining alkaline activated binders
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