Background: Orbital apex syndrome (OAS) is a complex and uncommon disorder that typically damages multiple cranial nerves in association with optic nerve dysfunction. OAS is associated with several different pathologies, however; only a few cases have been reported in association with head and neck cancer (HNC) so far. Material and Methods: A case series of HNC patients diagnosed with OAS is described including clinicopathological data, image findings, and disease outcome. Results: Ptosis and diplopia were diagnosed in four male patients with mean age of 61.2 years who were undergoing treatment for late-stage carcinomas of the tongue, larynx, and nasopharynx, eventually leading to the diagnosis of OAS. The mean overall survival rate after the diagnosis of OAS was 9.5 months. Conclusions: The current study reinforces evidence that OAS indicates poor prognosis and highlights the importance of early diagnosis.
BackgroundAcute toxicity is usually defined as adverse changes occurring immediately or a short time after the start of oncological treatment.Material and MethodsCross-sectional retrospective study performed with head and neck cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy from 2013 to 2016.ResultsTen (1.2%) patients developed SOMs during radiotherapy, most (80%) of which were men with a mean age of 59.5 years at diagnosis. SOMs mainly affected the floor of the mouth (60%) between the fourth and the sixth weeks of radiation therapy. All lesions were asymptomatic and spontaneously ruptured approximately 9 days after diagnosis.ConclusionsAlthough rare, SOMs may be regarded as an acute oral toxicity of head and neck radiotherapy.
Key words:Superficial oral mucoceles; head and neck cancer; radiation toxicity, acute toxicity.
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