O mundo enfrenta uma pandemia ocasionada pela COVID-19, doença ocasionada pelo novo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2. Essa pandemia teve início no mercado municipal de Wuhan, na China, onde comercializava-se diversas espécies de animais silvestres e não havia condições adequadas de higiene e segurança alimentar, o que possibilitou que esse novo vírus fosse transmitido de hospedeiros intermediários até o ser humano. Acredita-se que o SARS-CoV-2 tenha se originado em morcegos e, na sequência, infectou pangolins e, finalmente, seres humanos. Portanto, verifica-se o papel fundamental da medicina veterinária na prevenção de doenças zoonóticas emergentes, como a COVID-19. Assim, a presente revisão de literatura tem como objetivo discorrer sobre as funções do médico veterinário no enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID-19. Utilizou-se bases de pesquisas científicas e utilizou-se os seguintes descritores para busca dos artigos: COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR Coronavírus AND One Health; COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR Coronavírus AND Veterinary OR Medicine Veterinary. Selecionou-se artigos atuais, disponíveis em inglês e português. A emergência do SARS-CoV-2 demonstra a estreita relação entre a saúde humana, a saúde animal, a condição do ecossistema e os hábitos da população, o que está no cerne do conceito de “Saúde Única”. O médico veterinário é parte integral da comunidade global de profissionais da saúde e exerce papel fundamental na prevenção e controle de doenças, como a COVID-19. Esse profissional possui conhecimento sobre outras coronaviroses que afetam os animais e, portanto, pode ajudar em estudos sobre a origem e transmissão do SARS-CoV-2, bem como auxiliar no desenvolvimento de vacinas e medicamentos antivirais.
The objective of this study was to quantitatively evaluate scientific publications on cattle foot and claw diseases using the Scopus database. A combination of keywords "hoof disease AND bovine OR cattle OR cow" was used. Publications were classified according to the type, language, subject area, source title, author, affiliation, and country/territory. The documents were grouped later into thematic topics. The diseases evaluated in each study were quantified separately and in related groups, and distributed by decades. The frequencies of the thematic topics and diseases were compared by the chi-square test for adherence. In total, 642 publications were analyzed (595 articles, 46 reviews, and 1 note). Most of these papers were written in English (518). The main subject areas were Veterinary; Agricultural and Biological Sciences; and Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology. Journal of Dairy Science was the journal that published most articles in the area, with the best citations (SCImago Journal Rank = 1.21). The authors with the highest number of publications were Johann Kofler with 19, and David Nixon Logue and Jan Keith Shearer with 18 documents each. By affiliation, the institution with the highest number of publications was the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. By country or territory, the United States of America (22%), the United Kingdom (17%), Germany (11%), and Canada (10%) together accounted for 60% of the publications. The classification of the documents into thematic topics resulted in four groups: Specific hoof diseases (70%), General hoof diseases (14%), Lameness (11%), and Healthy hoof characterization (5%). Eighteen foot and claw diseases have been studied, with the following being the most frequent: digital dermatitis (17%), sole ulcer (15%), and white line disease (11%). When grouped, laminitis-related diseases represented 48% and infectious diseases represented 38% of the studies. Overall, just over half a century of research on cattle foot and claw diseases, bovine digital dermatitis is the most studied disease. Grouping related disorders revealed that laminitis-related diseases are being studied more than infectious diseases since the 1980s, from when studies on individual foot diseases in cattle increased to the detriment of studies that aimed to evaluate them as a unique problem. Our study, the first scientometric analysis in the subject area, compiles valuable information that can help researchers to develop future projects.
This study evaluated the action of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on cutaneous wounds, containing skin autografts, in the gluteal region of horses. Seven healthy horses were used. Two 6 x 6cm cutaneous wounds were produced on each side of the gluteal region. Eight days after wound induction, grafts were performed with skin fragments harvested from the neck, as well as the application of PRP, prepared by double-centrifugation protocol. Wounds with autografts on the left side received PRP (group T), and those with autografts on the right side did not receive treatment (group C). Macroscopic and microscopic evaluations were performed, considering the integration of autografts and retraction of wound edges, as well as neovascularization, inflammatory infiltrate, young fibroblasts, collagenization, reepithelization and autografts integration. There was no difference between the groups (P > 0.05) in relation to most macroscopic and microscopic variables. However, neovascularization was significantly greater (p = 0.0191) in group T, on the 14th day after grafting. It is concluded that PRP favors the process of skin repair with autografts in horses, since it increases the neovascularization in the initial phase of wound healing. Furthermore, the PRP seems to positively influence the integration of the skin autografts and the retraction of the wound edges.
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