Introduction. Kidney disease is associated with many abnormalities in the oral health status as well as with alterations in salivary flow and composition. The aim of this study was to evaluate and to correlate oral clinical findings, salivary flow (SF) and salivary pH values in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not yet on hemodyalisis treatment, those undergoing hemodialysis and in kidney transplant recipients. Methods. In a cross-sectional study 90 patients were included. The cohort was composed of three groups: 30 patients with CKD (serum creatinine values under 120 μmol/L-group 1), 30 patients with CKD on hemodialysis (group 2) and 30 kidney transplanted patients (group 3). The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals. Oral symptoms, signs and lesions: salivary volume, salivary pH and SF of stimulated and unstimulated saliva were evaluated. Results. Among patients with CKD without dialysis treatment inverse relationship was found between uremic fetor, unpleasant taste and unstimulated SF and also between xerostomia and stimulated SF. Negative correlation between thirst and unstimulated salivary flow was found in both groups, patients with CKD on dialysis and kidney transplant group. Furthermore, in kidney-transplant patients a negative correlation was found between petechiae and SF, while in group of patients with CKD on hemodialysis the same negative correlation was registered between uremic fetor and stimulated SF. Conclusions. Salivary flow was significantly lower in hemodialysis patients, while the highest was in the kidney-transplant recipients accompanied with improvement in the other oral clinical findings observed in our study.
Uvod. Inflamacija gingive je veoma česta u detinjstvu i pubertetu. Cilj istraživanja bio je odrediti indekse gingive i vrednosti 17β estradiola u pljuvački i serumu i njegov uticaj na zdravlje gingive kod tinejdžerki. Pacijenti i metode. Studija je obuhvatila 30 devojčica (starosti od 11 do 14 godina) sa inflamacijom gingive i 30 devojčica kontrolne grupe koje nemaju inflamaciju gingive. Stepen zdravlja gingive je procenjen kliničkim merenjem indeksa gingive. Koncentracija 17β estradiola u serumu i pljuvački određena je DRG Estradiol ELISA (EIA-2693) i DRG Salivary Estradiol ELISA (SLV-4188) metodom. Rezultati. Vrednosti indeksa gingive jasno ukazuju na prisustvo inflamacije gingive. Analiza vrednosti nivoa estrogena u serumu i pljuvački ukazuju na pozitivnu korelaciju indeksa, posebno ističući uticaj 17β estradiola na inflamaciju i krvarenje gingive. Zaključak. Dobijene vrednosti koncentracije hormona u serumu i pljuvački pokazuju u obe grupe njegov potencijalni uticaj na zdravlje gingive, što ističe ulogu stomatologa u preventivi i terapiji parodontopatije u pubertetu. Conclusion.The obtained values of the hormone concentrations in serum and saliva, in both groups, suggest their potential impact on the gingival health. This emphasizes the role of dentists in preventive and treatment modalities in patients during the period of puberty.
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