Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most cultivated and consumed legumes worldwide. Brazil is one of the world's largest producers of this crop, which constitutes an important primary source of protein in the diet of its population. In the Northeast region, this legume is a key crop, especially for small family farmers. However, this region has high production susceptibility, which is mainly due to local climatic conditions and the low degree of technification employed. In this sense, the objective of this study was to analyze the productive variations of the bean crop in the municipality of Dois Riachos, Semi-arid of Alagoas, in the period 1998-2015. The production data were obtained from the IBGE Municipal Agricultural Production database, using the Automatic Recovery System (SIDRA), and subjected to correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed high interannual variability in the production of beans, reflected in the strong oscillation of the analyzed variables. Significant correlations were observed between all variables. The PCA gathered 93.8% of the original data variance in its first two axes, generating 4 clusters that grouped years with similar productive characteristics. The reductions observed for the variables may be linked mainly to abiotic factors, such as the occurrence of prolonged droughts, and the low degree of technification used for this culture.
A cana-de-açúcar é uma cultura que apresenta grande importância socioeconômica a nível nacional e global. No Brasil, o estado de Alagoas se destaca com um dos principais produtores dessa cultura, no entanto, o estado vem perdendo esse dinamismo nas últimas décadas, o que impacta de forma decisiva a economia dos munícipios produtores. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar a dinâmica produtiva da cultura da cana-de-açúcar no município de Boca da Mata, Alagoas, no período de 1998-2018. Os dados relativos a área plantada, área colhida, produção, produtividade e valor da produção da cana-de-açúcar no município foram obtidos do banco de dados da Produção Agrícola Municipal do IBGE, utilizando-se o Sistema de Recuperação Automática (SIDRA), e submetidos posteriormente a análise de correlação e análise de componentes principais (ACP). Os resultados evidenciaram elevada variabilidade temporal nas variáveis analisadas, com destaque para as fortes reduções na área plantada e colhida a partir de 2014. A ACP explicou 94% da variância original dos dados nos dois primeiros eixos e agrupou os anos monitorados em dois clusters com métricas produtivas distintas. A matriz de correlação evidenciou fortes correlações entre a maioria das variáveis, principalmente entre área plantada e área colhida. Levando em consideração a importância da cultura da cana-de-açúcar para Boca da Mata, ações que viabilizem um melhor desempenho agronômico dessa cultura no município devem ser incentivadas, principalmente devido aos impactos econômicos advindos desses atos.
The Sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine) is a crop very important for the semi-arid region of Brazil, constituting an important source of income in regions that lack options that help in their development. However, studies regarding the development of this crop are scarce, reflecting on the low technology use and ancient practices used in the production systems. Theobject of this studywas to evaluated the initial growth development of plants of Sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine) under different sources of chemical and organic fertilization and presence and absence of intercropping with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), in the city of Areia, Paraíba. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), in a 2x3 factorial scheme, composed of two cultivation systems (alone or intercropped) and three fertilizationtypes (organic, chemical and no fertilization), totaling 24 treatments with four replications in an area of 25 m² each. The results showed an influence effect of the source of fertilization and the intercroppingon the initial development of the crop, and the best results obtained were with the organic fertilization and the intercropping with common bean.
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