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Resultados: No estudo de validade concorrente, a correlação encontrada entre as duas escalas foi alta (r = 0,95) e estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,01) na população total de lactentes, alcançando valores mais altos aos 12 meses (r = 0,89) do que aos 6 meses (r = 0,74). A confiabilidade interobservador apresentou valores satisfatórios de ICC em todas as idades avaliadas, variando de 0,76 a 0,99. Conclusão:A AIMS é uma escala válida e confiável para ser utilizada na avaliação do desenvolvimento motor de lactentes de risco na população da rede pública de saúde brasileira.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008;84(5):442-448: Prematuro, desenvolvimento infantil, avaliação, Alberta Infant Motor Scale, reprodutibilidade dos testes. AbstractObjective: To verify the concurrent validity and interobserver reliability of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) in premature infants followed-up at the outpatient clinic of Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF/Fiocruz), in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Methods: A total of 88 premature infants were enrolled at the follow-up clinic at IFF/Fiocruz, between February and December of 2006. For the concurrent validity study, 46 infants were assessed at either 6 (n = 26) or 12 (n = 20) months' corrected age using the AIMS and the second edition of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, by two different observers, and applying Pearson's correlation coefficient to analyze the results. For the reliability study, 42 infants between 0 and 18 months were assessed using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale, by two different observers and the results analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Results:The concurrent validity study found a high level of correlation between the two scales (r = 0.95) and one that was statistically significant (p < 0.01) for the entire population of infants, with higher values at 12 months (r = 0.89) than at 6 months (r = 0.74). The interobserver reliability study found satisfactory intraclass correlation coefficients at all ages tested, varying from 0.76 to 0.99. Conclusions:The AIMS is a valid and reliable instrument for the evaluation of motor development in high-risk infants within the Brazilian public health system. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008;84(5):442-448: Prematurity, child development, assessment, Alberta Infant Motor Scale, validity and reliability.

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a estabilidade do desempenho mental de bebês prematuros de muito baixo peso ao nascer ao longo dos dois primeiros anos de vida e identificar os fatores associados ao seu desempenho mental. Estudo de coorte com 109 crianças. A Escala Mental da Bayley Scales of Infant Development - Second Edition foi aplicada aos 6, aos 12 e entre 18-24 meses de idade corrigida. A estabilidade dos escores entre as avaliações foi investigada através de análise de variância para medidas repetidas. A associação entre as características neonatais e sociais no desenvolvimento mental foi verificada por análise multivariada através de regressão linear, considerando como desfechos os Índices de Desenvolvimento Mental aos 6 meses, 12 meses e entre 18-24 meses de idade corrigida. A média do Índice de Desenvolvimento Mental aos 6 meses foi 83,4 (DP: 12,4), aos 12 meses foi 86,4 (DP: 13,9) e aos 18-24 meses foi 73,4 (DP: 14,5). Observou-se uma diminuição significativa de 13 pontos no escore aos 18-24 meses de idade corrigida. O Índice de Desenvolvimento Mental não apresentou estabilidade ao longo dos dois primeiros anos de vida nesta população de prematuros, exceto para as crianças que tiveram pneumonia neonatal, cujo desempenho foi insatisfatório em todas as avaliações. Dos fatores de risco investigados, apenas o sexo masculino e a pneumonia neonatal estiveram associados aos desfechos.

The children who entered this study had borderline intellectual functioning at the moment of the evaluation. Results indicate that they may face learning difficulties at school, thus requiring adequate stimuli that should be provided by the family and the school.

Objective: To verify the concurrent validity and interobserver reliability of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) in premature infants followed-up at the outpatient clinic of Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF/ Fiocruz), in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. infants between 0 and 18 months were assessed using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale, by two different observers and the results analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Methods Results:The concurrent validity study found a high level of correlation between the two scales (r = 0.95) and one that was statistically significant (p < 0.01) for the entire population of infants, with higher values at 12 months (r = 0.89) than at 6 months (r = 0.74). The interobserver reliability study found satisfactory intraclass correlation coefficients at all ages tested, varying from 0.76 to 0.99. Conclusions:The AIMS is a valid and reliable instrument for the evaluation of motor development in high-risk infants within the Brazilian public health system. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008;84(5):442-448: Prematurity, child development, assessment, Alberta Infant Motor Scale, validity and reliability.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Children born prematurely often have worse cognitive performance than those born at term regarding skills such as memory, attention and processing speed. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia may compromise cognitive development. The aims here were: a) To describe the cognitive performance of preterm infants with very low birth weight; b) To investigate its association with bronchopulmonary dysplasia adjusted for sociodemographic, neonatal and post-neonatal factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study developed in a public tertiary-care hospital. METHODS:To evaluate cognition among 112 children, we applied an intelligence scale (Wechsler scale). The average scores for children with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia were compared across the five domains of the scale. Associations with bronchopulmonary dysplasia were investigated for domains that showed significant differences between the two groups. Associations between exposure and outcome were estimated via multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: There were no differences in averages for the full-scale intelligence quotient, verbal intelligence quotient, performance intelligence quotient and general language composite domains. The processing speed quotient was the only domain that presented a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.02). Among the children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, low full-scale intelligence quotient was observed in 28.1%. In the multivariate analysis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (odds ratio: 3.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.1-8.7) remained associated with the outcome of processing speed quotient. CONCLUSION: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia was an independent risk factor for alteration of the processing speed quotient.RESUMO CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Crianças nascidas prematuras com frequência apresentam pior desempenho cognitivo que as nascidas a termo em habilidades como memória, atenção, velocidade de processamento. A displasia broncopulmonar pode comprometer o desenvolvimento cognitivo. Os objetivos aqui foram: a) Descrever o desempenho cognitivo de crianças nascidas prematuras com muito baixo peso; b) Investigar sua associação com a displasia broncopulmonar ajustada para fatores sócio-demográficos, neonatais e pós-neonatais. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal desenvolvido em hospital público de cuidados terciários. MÉTODOS: Para a avaliação cognitiva de 112 crianças, aplicamos a escala de inteligência (Wechsler scale). Foram comparadas as médias dos escores das crianças com e sem displasia broncopulmonar nos cinco domínios da escala. A associação com a displasia broncopulmonar foi investigada para os domínios que apresentaram diferença significativa entre os dois grupos. A associação entre a exposição e o desfecho foi estimada por regressão logística multivariada. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença entre as médias dos domínios do quociente de inteligência total, quociente de inteligência verbal, quociente de inteligência de execução e composto de linguagem geral. O quociente de velocidade de p...

High-risk newborns are exposed to neonatal conditions such as prematurity, very low birth weight, and congenital malformations that can affect development and behavior. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) restraint and control measures have been identified as important stressor events and cumulative risk factors for behavioral changes in these children. This study examined social isolation-related factors that contribute to internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in children already at risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. This cross-sectional, multicenter study included 113 children (18 months to 9 years) who were followed in reference services for neonatal follow-up in tertiary units of the public health system in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Behavior was assessed using the child behavior checklist, and a structured questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic aspects. In the bivariate analysis, prematurity was associated with externalizing problems and change in eating habits with internalizing problems. The logistic model indicated that both parents having completed high school and both sharing care of the child were protective factors for behavioral problems; however, reports of sleep problems and living with another child were risk factors. In conclusion, the study identified internalizing and externalizing behavior problems related to prematurity and aspects of family structure and routine in children at risk. The findings confirm the importance of family functioning for child health and family-centered interventions.