The utilization of microalgae and fungi on an industrial scale is a challenge for researchers. Based on the question “how fungi have contributed to microalgae research?,” we verified the scientific trends on microalgae-fungi consortia focused on biofuels production by searching for articles on the Web of Science and Scopus databases through the terms “microalgae*” or phytoplankton and “fung*.” We found 1,452 articles published between 1950 and 2020; since 2006, the publication numbers have increased rapidly. The articles were published in 12 languages, but most were written in English (96.3%). Among 72 countries, China (360 articles), USA (344), and Germany (155) led the publication rank. Among the 10 most-prolific authors, 8 were Chinese, like 5 of the most-productive institutions, whereas the National Cheng Kung University was on the top of the list. The sources that published the most on the subject were: Bioresource Technology (96), PLoS ONE (28), and Science of the Total Environment (26). The keyword analysis emphasized the magnitude of applications in microalgae-fungi consortia research. Confirming this research question, biofuels appeared as a research trend, especially biodiesel, biogas, and related terms like lipid, lipid accumulation, anaerobic digestion, and biogas upgrading. For 70 years, articles have been published, where China and the United States seem to dominate the research scenario, and biodiesel is the main biofuel derived from this consortium. However, microalgae-based biofuel biorefinery is still a bottleneck on an industrial scale. Recent environmental challenges, such as greenhouse gas mitigation, can be a promising field for that microalgae-fungi application.
Crescimento econômico e preservação ambiental são desafios atuais. Este estudo buscou analisar e correlacionar indicadores socioeconômicos e ambientais em quatro cidades do cerrado goiano: Caldas Novas, Jataí, Pirenópolis e Silvânia. Foi realizada pesquisa histórica, social, econômica e ambiental. Existe similaridade demográfica entre Caldas Novas e Jataí, Pirenópolis e Silvânia. Jataí possui os melhores indicadores socioeconômicos, porém, alto desmatamento. Silvânia apresenta os melhores indicadores educacionais. A maior população empregada com Ensino Médio completo reside em Caldas Novas. Pirenópolis mostra os piores índices de coleta de esgoto. Índices econômicos isolados não refletem desenvolvimento social e revelam pouco sobre custos ambientais do crescimento.
Microalgae is a generic term to classify microscopic algae and have been studied in many countries for a variety of applications, but no research about microalgae trends in Brazil was found. Thus, this study aimed to assess the interests of microalgae research in Brazil through a scientometric approach. The research was performed on the Web of Science choosing “microalga” on title and Brazil as author’s address. A total of 605 documents were found, whereas 83.8% were articles and English was the predominant language (93.6%). Brazil has collaborated with 35 countries and the most-collaborative was the United States. The most-productive institutions and authors were from the South and Southeast of Brazil, while women sum 45% of the most-prolific authors. In total, 371 research funding bodies were cited, Biotechnology Applied Microbiology was the most indexed Web of Science category, while Algal Research was the most-prolific journals. The most-cited keywords were biomass, biodiesel and wastewater. It is concluded that microalgae research in Brazil follow the trends of microalgae studies worldwide, there are national and international collaboration and even though the investments in research have decreased the number of publications keeps on growing.
Microalgae biomass is a promising feedstock for the production of biofuels, while the harvesting process is still a bottleneck. This study tested the hypothesis that flocculants and pretreatment do not influence the methane production through the co-digestion of microalgae biomass with sewage sludge. The following flocculants were applied to the microalgae biomass: cationic starch, modified tannin and aluminum sulfate. Sodium hydroxide at 27°C for two hours was used as pretreatment. Microalgae culture lasted 7 days until the harvest. Before the pretreatment, the highest methane volume was observed on modified tannin flocculated biomass. Differently, after pre-treatment, the highest methane production was detected on cationic starch biomass. Only the experiments with aluminum sulfate showed a non-significant difference between before and after pretreatment. Finally, organic flocculants and pre-treatments can contribute to the recovery of microalgae biomass and the increase in methane production.
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