SummaryObjective. This study aims to evaluate the sexual function and to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction among teenagers and adult women during pregnancy using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). MethOds. A cohort study was conducted with 271 healthy pregnant women presenting a stable relationship with their partners. These women contributed to the survey since the laboratory diagnosis of their present pregnancy. Anonymous questionnaires evaluated aspects of sexual activity and female sexual function. This last item was assessed through the FSFI questionnaire. Results. The women sexual function showed a similar pattern during the first and second trimesters; however, it presented a significantly clear decrease in the third trimester. There was a significant difference in the scores of all FSFI domains when comparing the second and third trimesters. The sexual dysfunction among pregnant teenagers was rated 40.8% in the first trimester, 31.2% in the second and 63.2% in the third. For pregnant adults, the dysfunction was rated, respectively, 46.6%, 34.2% and 73.3%. cOnclusiOn. The sexual function is affected during pregnancy with a significant decrease in all FSFI domains in the third trimester considering both pregnant teenagers and adults. Prevalence of sexual dysfunction is high during pregnancy and reaches higher levels in the third trimester in both age groups; however, teenagers presented better sexual function ratings.

Liquid biopsies that measure circulating cell-free RNA (cfRNA) offer an opportunity to study the development of pregnancy-related complications in a non-invasive manner and to bridge gaps in clinical care1–4. Here we used 404 blood samples from 199 pregnant mothers to identify and validate cfRNA transcriptomic changes that are associated with preeclampsia, a multi-organ syndrome that is the second largest cause of maternal death globally5. We find that changes in cfRNA gene expression between normotensive and preeclamptic mothers are marked and stable early in gestation, well before the onset of symptoms. These changes are enriched for genes specific to neuromuscular, endothelial and immune cell types and tissues that reflect key aspects of preeclampsia physiology6–9, suggest new hypotheses for disease progression and correlate with maternal organ health. This enabled the identification and independent validation of a panel of 18 genes that when measured between 5 and 16 weeks of gestation can form the basis of a liquid biopsy test that would identify mothers at risk of preeclampsia long before clinical symptoms manifest themselves. Tests based on these observations could help predict and manage who is at risk for preeclampsia—an important objective for obstetric care10,11.

LUIZ CAMANO 5 Artigos originaisResumo OBJETIVO: traduzir e validar o Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) para grávidas brasileiras. MÉTODOS: participaram da pesquisa 92 gestantes assistidas em ambulatório de pré-natal de baixo risco, com diagnóstico da gravidez confi rmado por ultra-sonografi a precoce. Inicialmente, traduzimos o questionário FSFI para a língua portuguesa (do Brasil), de acordo com os critérios internacionais. Foram realizadas adaptações culturais, conceituais e semânticas do FSFI, em função das diferenças da língua, para que as gestantes compreendessem as questões. Todas as pacientes responderam duas vezes ao FSFI, no mesmo dia, com dois entrevistadores diferentes, com intervalo de uma hora de uma entrevista para a outra. Em seguida, 7 a 14 dias depois, o questionário foi novamente aplicado numa segunda entrevista. Foram avaliadas a confi abilidade (consistência interna intra e interobservador) e a validade do construto (para demonstrar que o questionário avalia a função sexual). RESULTADOS: adaptações culturais foram necessárias para obtermos a versão fi nal. A consistência interna intra-observador (alfa de Chronbach) dos diversos domínios oscilou de moderada a forte (0,791 a 0,911) e a consistência interobservador variou de 0,791 a 0,914. Na validação do construto, foram obtidas correlações de moderada a forte entre os escores fi nais (gerais) do FSFI e do Quociente Sexual Feminino (QS-F), que tem a capacidade de avaliar a função sexual feminina. CONCLUSÕES: o FSFI foi adaptado à língua portuguesa e à cultura brasileira, apresentando signifi cante confi abilidade e validade, podendo ser incluído e utilizado em futuros estudos da função sexual de grávidas brasileiras.Abstract PURPOSE: to translate and to validate the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) for Brazilian pregnant women. METHODS: ninety-two pregnant women attended at a low risk prenatal clinic, with diagnosis of the pregnancy confirmed by precocious ultrasonography, participated in the research. Initially, we translated the FSFI questionnaire for Portuguese language (of Brazil) in agreement with the international criteria. Cultural, conceptual and semantics adaptations of FSFI were accomplished, because of the differences of the language, so that the pregnant women understood the subjects. All the patients answered FSFI twice, in the same day, with two different interviewers, with an hour interval from one to other interview. After 7 to 14 days, the questionnaire was applied again in a second interview. Reliability (internal intra and interobserver consistence) and the validity of the constructo (to demonstrate that questionnaire measures the sexual function) were appraised. RESULTS: Cultural adaptations were necessary for us to obtain the fi nal version. The internal intra-observer (alpha of Chronbach) consistence of the several domains oscillated from moderate to strong (0,791 to 0,911) and the interobserver consistence varied from 0,791 to 0,914. In the validation of the constructo, were obtained moderate correlations to fort amo...

The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis determined by both the pH and KOH method and the Nugent score was high. The pH and KOH method can diagnose bacterial vaginosis as accurately as the Nugent criterion.

Liquid biopsies that measure circulating, cell-free RNA (cfRNA) offer an unprecedented opportunity to noninvasively study the development of pregnancy-related complications and to bridge gaps in clinical care. Here, we identify cfRNA transcriptomic changes across gestation and at post-partum that are associated with preeclampsia (PE), a multi-organ syndrome diagnosed after 20 weeks of gestation, using 118 samples from 42 pregnant mothers (18 normotensive (NT), 24 with PE). We find that changes in cfRNA gene expression between NT and PE mothers are most striking and stable early in gestation, suggesting that the identified cfRNA signals may correlate with PE pathogenesis. These changes also reflect our understanding of the known biology of PE, as supported by gene ontology analysis. Finally, we identify and independently validate (8 NT, 8 with PE/gestational hypertension) 11 genes, which when measured between 5-16 weeks of gestation can form a liquid biopsy test with clinically relevant specificity (88% [55-99%]) and sensitivity (100% [74-100%]) (All reported as value, [95% confidence interval]). Taken together, these results show that cfRNA measurements can form the basis of a test that would predict PE early in pregnancy, which has been an important and until now unrealized objective for obstetric care, and can help characterize the pathogenesis of PE in real time.